1 /* Copyright (C) 1991-99,2000,01,02 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 2 This file is part of the GNU C Library. 3 4 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 5 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public 6 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either 7 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. 8 9 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU 12 Lesser General Public License for more details. 13 14 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public 15 License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free 16 Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 17 02111-1307 USA. */ 18 19 /* 20 * ISO C99 Standard: 7.20 General utilities <stdlib.h> 21 */ 22 23 #ifndef _STDLIB_H 24 25 #include <features.h> 26 27 /* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>. */ 28 #define __need_size_t 29 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc 30 # define __need_wchar_t 31 # define __need_NULL 32 #endif 33 #include <stddef.h> 34 #include <stdint.h> 35 36 __BEGIN_DECLS 37 38 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc 39 #define _STDLIB_H 1 40 41 #if defined __USE_XOPEN && !defined _SYS_WAIT_H 42 /* XPG requires a few symbols from <sys/wait.h> being defined. */ 43 # include <bits/waitflags.h> 44 # include <bits/waitstatus.h> 45 46 # ifdef __USE_BSD 47 48 /* Lots of hair to allow traditional BSD use of `union wait' 49 as well as POSIX.1 use of `int' for the status word. */ 50 51 # if defined __GNUC__ && !defined __cplusplus 52 # define __WAIT_INT(status) \ 53 (__extension__ ({ union { __typeof(status) __in; int __i; } __u; \ 54 __u.__in = (status); __u.__i; })) 55 # else 56 # define __WAIT_INT(status) (*(int *) &(status)) 57 # endif 58 59 /* This is the type of the argument to `wait'. The funky union 60 causes redeclarations with ether `int *' or `union wait *' to be 61 allowed without complaint. __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN is the type used in 62 the actual function definitions. */ 63 64 # if !defined __GNUC__ || __GNUC__ < 2 || defined __cplusplus 65 # define __WAIT_STATUS void * 66 # define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN void * 67 # else 68 /* This works in GCC 2.6.1 and later. */ 69 typedef union 70 { 71 union wait *__uptr; 72 int *__iptr; 73 } __WAIT_STATUS __attribute__ ((__transparent_union__)); 74 # define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN int * 75 # endif 76 77 # else /* Don't use BSD. */ 78 79 # define __WAIT_INT(status) (status) 80 # define __WAIT_STATUS int * 81 # define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN int * 82 83 # endif /* Use BSD. */ 84 85 /* Define the macros <sys/wait.h> also would define this way. */ 86 # define WEXITSTATUS(status) __WEXITSTATUS(__WAIT_INT(status)) 87 # define WTERMSIG(status) __WTERMSIG(__WAIT_INT(status)) 88 # define WSTOPSIG(status) __WSTOPSIG(__WAIT_INT(status)) 89 # define WIFEXITED(status) __WIFEXITED(__WAIT_INT(status)) 90 # define WIFSIGNALED(status) __WIFSIGNALED(__WAIT_INT(status)) 91 # define WIFSTOPPED(status) __WIFSTOPPED(__WAIT_INT(status)) 92 #endif /* X/Open and <sys/wait.h> not included. */ 93 94 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 95 /* Returned by `div'. */ 96 typedef struct 97 { 98 int quot; /* Quotient. */ 99 int rem; /* Remainder. */ 100 } div_t; 101 102 /* Returned by `ldiv'. */ 103 #ifndef __ldiv_t_defined 104 typedef struct 105 { 106 long int quot; /* Quotient. */ 107 long int rem; /* Remainder. */ 108 } ldiv_t; 109 # define __ldiv_t_defined 1 110 #endif 111 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 112 113 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __lldiv_t_defined 114 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 115 /* Returned by `lldiv'. */ 116 __extension__ typedef struct 117 { 118 long long int quot; /* Quotient. */ 119 long long int rem; /* Remainder. */ 120 } lldiv_t; 121 # define __lldiv_t_defined 1 122 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 123 #endif 124 125 126 /* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX). */ 127 #define RAND_MAX 2147483647 128 129 130 /* We define these the same for all machines. 131 Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'. */ 132 #define EXIT_FAILURE 1 /* Failing exit status. */ 133 #define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 /* Successful exit status. */ 134 135 136 /* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale. */ 137 #define MB_CUR_MAX (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ()) 138 extern size_t __ctype_get_mb_cur_max (void) __THROW; 139 140 141 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 142 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */ 143 extern double atof (__const char *__nptr) __THROW __attribute_pure__; 144 /* Convert a string to an integer. */ 145 extern int atoi (__const char *__nptr) __THROW __attribute_pure__; 146 /* Convert a string to a long integer. */ 147 extern long int atol (__const char *__nptr) __THROW __attribute_pure__; 148 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 149 150 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 || (defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_MISC) 151 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 152 /* Convert a string to a long long integer. */ 153 __extension__ extern long long int atoll (__const char *__nptr) 154 __THROW __attribute_pure__; 155 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 156 #endif 157 158 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 159 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */ 160 extern double strtod (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 161 char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW; 162 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 163 164 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99 165 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 166 /* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers. */ 167 extern float strtof (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 168 char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW; 169 170 extern long double strtold (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 171 char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW; 172 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 173 #endif 174 175 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 176 /* Convert a string to a long integer. */ 177 extern long int strtol (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 178 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) __THROW; 179 /* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer. */ 180 extern unsigned long int strtoul (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 181 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) 182 __THROW; 183 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 184 185 #if defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_BSD 186 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */ 187 __extension__ 188 extern long long int strtoq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 189 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) __THROW; 190 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */ 191 __extension__ 192 extern unsigned long long int strtouq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 193 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) 194 __THROW; 195 #endif /* GCC and use BSD. */ 196 197 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 || (defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_MISC) 198 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 199 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */ 200 __extension__ 201 extern long long int strtoll (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 202 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) __THROW; 203 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */ 204 __extension__ 205 extern unsigned long long int strtoull (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 206 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) 207 __THROW; 208 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 209 #endif /* ISO C99 or GCC and use MISC. */ 210 211 212 #ifdef __USE_GNU 213 /* The concept of one static locale per category is not very well 214 thought out. Many applications will need to process its data using 215 information from several different locales. Another application is 216 the implementation of the internationalization handling in the 217 upcoming ISO C++ standard library. To support this another set of 218 the functions using locale data exist which have an additional 219 argument. 220 221 Attention: all these functions are *not* standardized in any form. 222 This is a proof-of-concept implementation. */ 223 224 /* Structure for reentrant locale using functions. This is an 225 (almost) opaque type for the user level programs. */ 226 # include <xlocale.h> 227 228 /* Special versions of the functions above which take the locale to 229 use as an additional parameter. */ 230 extern long int strtol_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 231 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base, 232 __locale_t __loc) __THROW; 233 234 extern unsigned long int strtoul_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 235 char **__restrict __endptr, 236 int __base, __locale_t __loc) __THROW; 237 238 __extension__ 239 extern long long int strtoll_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 240 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base, 241 __locale_t __loc) __THROW; 242 243 __extension__ 244 extern unsigned long long int strtoull_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 245 char **__restrict __endptr, 246 int __base, __locale_t __loc) 247 __THROW; 248 249 extern double strtod_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 250 char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc) 251 __THROW; 252 253 extern float strtof_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 254 char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc) __THROW; 255 256 extern long double strtold_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 257 char **__restrict __endptr, 258 __locale_t __loc) __THROW; 259 #endif /* GNU */ 260 261 262 /* The internal entry points for `strtoX' take an extra flag argument 263 saying whether or not to parse locale-dependent number grouping. */ 264 265 extern double __strtod_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 266 char **__restrict __endptr, int __group) 267 __THROW; 268 extern float __strtof_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 269 char **__restrict __endptr, int __group) 270 __THROW; 271 extern long double __strtold_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 272 char **__restrict __endptr, 273 int __group) __THROW; 274 #ifndef __strtol_internal_defined 275 extern long int __strtol_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 276 char **__restrict __endptr, 277 int __base, int __group) __THROW; 278 # define __strtol_internal_defined 1 279 #endif 280 #ifndef __strtoul_internal_defined 281 extern unsigned long int __strtoul_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 282 char **__restrict __endptr, 283 int __base, int __group) __THROW; 284 # define __strtoul_internal_defined 1 285 #endif 286 #if defined __GNUC__ || defined __USE_ISOC99 287 # ifndef __strtoll_internal_defined 288 __extension__ 289 extern long long int __strtoll_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr, 290 char **__restrict __endptr, 291 int __base, int __group) __THROW; 292 # define __strtoll_internal_defined 1 293 # endif 294 # ifndef __strtoull_internal_defined 295 __extension__ 296 extern unsigned long long int __strtoull_internal (__const char * 297 __restrict __nptr, 298 char **__restrict __endptr, 299 int __base, int __group) 300 __THROW; 301 # define __strtoull_internal_defined 1 302 # endif 303 #endif /* GCC */ 304 305 #ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES 306 /* Define inline functions which call the internal entry points. */ 307 308 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 309 extern __inline double 310 strtod (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW 311 { 312 return __strtod_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0); 313 } 314 extern __inline long int 315 strtol (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr, 316 int __base) __THROW 317 { 318 return __strtol_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0); 319 } 320 extern __inline unsigned long int 321 strtoul (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr, 322 int __base) __THROW 323 { 324 return __strtoul_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0); 325 } 326 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 327 328 # ifdef __USE_ISOC99 329 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 330 extern __inline float 331 strtof (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW 332 { 333 return __strtof_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0); 334 } 335 extern __inline long double 336 strtold (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW 337 { 338 return __strtold_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0); 339 } 340 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 341 # endif 342 343 # ifdef __USE_BSD 344 __extension__ extern __inline long long int 345 strtoq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr, 346 int __base) __THROW 347 { 348 return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0); 349 } 350 __extension__ extern __inline unsigned long long int 351 strtouq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr, 352 int __base) __THROW 353 { 354 return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0); 355 } 356 # endif 357 358 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC99 359 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 360 __extension__ extern __inline long long int 361 strtoll (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr, 362 int __base) __THROW 363 { 364 return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0); 365 } 366 __extension__ extern __inline unsigned long long int 367 strtoull (__const char * __restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr, 368 int __base) __THROW 369 { 370 return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0); 371 } 372 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 373 # endif 374 375 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 376 extern __inline double 377 atof (__const char *__nptr) __THROW 378 { 379 return strtod (__nptr, (char **) NULL); 380 } 381 extern __inline int 382 atoi (__const char *__nptr) __THROW 383 { 384 return (int) strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10); 385 } 386 extern __inline long int 387 atol (__const char *__nptr) __THROW 388 { 389 return strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10); 390 } 391 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 392 393 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC99 394 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 395 __extension__ extern __inline long long int 396 atoll (__const char *__nptr) __THROW 397 { 398 return strtoll (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10); 399 } 400 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 401 # endif 402 #endif /* Optimizing and Inlining. */ 403 404 405 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED 406 /* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant 407 digit first. Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the 408 next call. */ 409 extern char *l64a (long int __n) __THROW; 410 411 /* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above. */ 412 extern long int a64l (__const char *__s) __THROW __attribute_pure__; 413 414 #endif /* Use SVID || extended X/Open. */ 415 416 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_BSD 417 # include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */ 418 419 /* These are the functions that actually do things. The `random', `srandom', 420 `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices. 421 The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard. 422 We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator. */ 423 /* Return a random long integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */ 424 extern long int random (void) __THROW; 425 426 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */ 427 extern void srandom (unsigned int __seed) __THROW; 428 429 /* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF, 430 of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED. Optimal lengths are 8, 16, 431 32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will 432 cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down. */ 433 extern char *initstate (unsigned int __seed, char *__statebuf, 434 size_t __statelen) __THROW; 435 436 /* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF, 437 which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'. */ 438 extern char *setstate (char *__statebuf) __THROW; 439 440 441 # ifdef __USE_MISC 442 /* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions. 443 These functions all use the following data structure to contain 444 state, rather than global state variables. */ 445 446 struct random_data 447 { 448 int32_t *fptr; /* Front pointer. */ 449 int32_t *rptr; /* Rear pointer. */ 450 int32_t *state; /* Array of state values. */ 451 int rand_type; /* Type of random number generator. */ 452 int rand_deg; /* Degree of random number generator. */ 453 int rand_sep; /* Distance between front and rear. */ 454 int32_t *end_ptr; /* Pointer behind state table. */ 455 }; 456 457 extern int random_r (struct random_data *__restrict __buf, 458 int32_t *__restrict __result) __THROW; 459 460 extern int srandom_r (unsigned int __seed, struct random_data *__buf) __THROW; 461 462 extern int initstate_r (unsigned int __seed, char *__restrict __statebuf, 463 size_t __statelen, 464 struct random_data *__restrict __buf) __THROW; 465 466 extern int setstate_r (char *__restrict __statebuf, 467 struct random_data *__restrict __buf) __THROW; 468 # endif /* Use misc. */ 469 #endif /* Use SVID || extended X/Open || BSD. */ 470 471 472 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 473 /* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */ 474 extern int rand (void) __THROW; 475 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */ 476 extern void srand (unsigned int __seed) __THROW; 477 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 478 479 #ifdef __USE_POSIX 480 /* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1. */ 481 extern int rand_r (unsigned int *__seed) __THROW; 482 #endif 483 484 485 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN 486 /* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions. */ 487 488 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */ 489 extern double drand48 (void) __THROW; 490 extern double erand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW; 491 492 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */ 493 extern long int lrand48 (void) __THROW; 494 extern long int nrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW; 495 496 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */ 497 extern long int mrand48 (void) __THROW; 498 extern long int jrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW; 499 500 /* Seed random number generator. */ 501 extern void srand48 (long int __seedval) __THROW; 502 extern unsigned short int *seed48 (unsigned short int __seed16v[3]) __THROW; 503 extern void lcong48 (unsigned short int __param[7]) __THROW; 504 505 # ifdef __USE_MISC 506 /* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions. This 507 type is to be regarded as opaque. It's only exported because users 508 have to allocate objects of this type. */ 509 struct drand48_data 510 { 511 unsigned short int __x[3]; /* Current state. */ 512 unsigned short int __old_x[3]; /* Old state. */ 513 unsigned short int __c; /* Additive const. in congruential formula. */ 514 unsigned short int __init; /* Flag for initializing. */ 515 unsigned long long int __a; /* Factor in congruential formula. */ 516 }; 517 518 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */ 519 extern int drand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer, 520 double *__restrict __result) __THROW; 521 extern int erand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3], 522 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer, 523 double *__restrict __result) __THROW; 524 525 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */ 526 extern int lrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer, 527 long int *__restrict __result) __THROW; 528 extern int nrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3], 529 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer, 530 long int *__restrict __result) __THROW; 531 532 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */ 533 extern int mrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer, 534 long int *__restrict __result) __THROW; 535 extern int jrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3], 536 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer, 537 long int *__restrict __result) __THROW; 538 539 /* Seed random number generator. */ 540 extern int srand48_r (long int __seedval, struct drand48_data *__buffer) 541 __THROW; 542 543 extern int seed48_r (unsigned short int __seed16v[3], 544 struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW; 545 546 extern int lcong48_r (unsigned short int __param[7], 547 struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW; 548 # endif /* Use misc. */ 549 #endif /* Use SVID or X/Open. */ 550 551 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */ 552 553 #ifndef __malloc_and_calloc_defined 554 # define __malloc_and_calloc_defined 555 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 556 /* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory. */ 557 extern void *malloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__; 558 /* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0. */ 559 extern void *calloc (size_t __nmemb, size_t __size) 560 __THROW __attribute_malloc__; 561 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 562 #endif 563 564 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc 565 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 566 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block 567 in PTR, making the new block SIZE bytes long. */ 568 extern void *realloc (void *__ptr, size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__; 569 /* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'. */ 570 extern void free (void *__ptr) __THROW; 571 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 572 573 #ifdef __USE_MISC 574 /* Free a block. An alias for `free'. (Sun Unices). */ 575 extern void cfree (void *__ptr) __THROW; 576 #endif /* Use misc. */ 577 578 #if defined __USE_GNU || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_MISC 579 # include <alloca.h> 580 #endif /* Use GNU, BSD, or misc. */ 581 582 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED 583 /* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary. The storage cannot be freed. */ 584 extern void *valloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__; 585 #endif 586 587 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K 588 /* Allocate memory of SIZE bytes with an alignment of ALIGNMENT. */ 589 extern int posix_memalign (void **__memptr, size_t __alignment, size_t __size) 590 __THROW __attribute_malloc__; 591 #endif 592 593 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 594 /* Abort execution and generate a core-dump. */ 595 extern void abort (void) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__)); 596 597 598 /* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called. */ 599 extern int atexit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW; 600 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 601 602 #ifdef __USE_MISC 603 /* Register a function to be called with the status 604 given to `exit' and the given argument. */ 605 extern int on_exit (void (*__func) (int __status, void *__arg), void *__arg) 606 __THROW; 607 #endif 608 609 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 610 /* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit', 611 in the reverse of the order in which they were registered 612 perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS. */ 613 extern void exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__)); 614 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 615 616 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99 617 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 618 /* Terminate the program with STATUS without calling any of the 619 functions registered with `atexit' or `on_exit'. */ 620 extern void _Exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__)); 621 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 622 #endif 623 624 625 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 626 /* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist. */ 627 extern char *getenv (__const char *__name) __THROW; 628 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 629 630 /* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the 631 programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled. */ 632 extern char *__secure_getenv (__const char *__name) __THROW; 633 634 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN 635 /* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place. */ 636 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment. 637 If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment. */ 638 extern int putenv (char *__string) __THROW; 639 #endif 640 641 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN2K 642 /* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment. 643 If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value. */ 644 extern int setenv (__const char *__name, __const char *__value, int __replace) 645 __THROW; 646 647 /* Remove the variable NAME from the environment. */ 648 extern int unsetenv (__const char *__name) __THROW; 649 #endif 650 651 #ifdef __USE_MISC 652 /* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably 653 never made it. Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings 654 for Fortran 77) requires this function. */ 655 extern int clearenv (void) __THROW; 656 #endif 657 658 659 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED 660 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE. 661 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX"; 662 they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique. 663 Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique file name. */ 664 extern char *mktemp (char *__template) __THROW; 665 666 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE. 667 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX"; 668 they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique. 669 Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing, 670 or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file. */ 671 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64 672 extern int mkstemp (char *__template) __THROW; 673 # else 674 # ifdef __REDIRECT 675 extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemp, (char *__template) __THROW, mkstemp64); 676 # else 677 # define mkstemp mkstemp64 678 # endif 679 # endif 680 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64 681 extern int mkstemp64 (char *__template) __THROW; 682 # endif 683 #endif 684 685 #ifdef __USE_BSD 686 /* Create a unique temporary directory from TEMPLATE. 687 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX"; 688 they are replaced with a string that makes the directory name unique. 689 Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique name. 690 The directory is created mode 700. */ 691 extern char *mkdtemp (char *__template) __THROW; 692 #endif 693 694 695 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 696 /* Execute the given line as a shell command. */ 697 extern int system (__const char *__command) __THROW; 698 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 699 700 701 #ifdef __USE_GNU 702 /* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the 703 named file. The last file name component need not exist, and may be a 704 symlink to a nonexistent file. */ 705 extern char *canonicalize_file_name (__const char *__name) __THROW; 706 #endif 707 708 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED 709 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME. The last file name 710 component need not exist, and may be a symlink to a nonexistent file. 711 If RESOLVED is null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical 712 name is PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to 713 ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars, returns the 714 name in RESOLVED. */ 715 extern char *realpath (__const char *__restrict __name, 716 char *__restrict __resolved) __THROW; 717 #endif 718 719 720 /* Shorthand for type of comparison functions. */ 721 #ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T 722 # define __COMPAR_FN_T 723 typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) (__const void *, __const void *); 724 725 # ifdef __USE_GNU 726 typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t; 727 # endif 728 #endif 729 730 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 731 /* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements 732 of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */ 733 extern void *bsearch (__const void *__key, __const void *__base, 734 size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, __compar_fn_t __compar); 735 736 /* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each, 737 using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */ 738 extern void qsort (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, 739 __compar_fn_t __compar); 740 741 742 /* Return the absolute value of X. */ 743 extern int abs (int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)); 744 extern long int labs (long int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)); 745 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 746 747 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99 748 __extension__ extern long long int llabs (long long int __x) 749 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)); 750 #endif 751 752 753 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 754 /* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation 755 of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */ 756 /* GCC may have built-ins for these someday. */ 757 extern div_t div (int __numer, int __denom) 758 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)); 759 extern ldiv_t ldiv (long int __numer, long int __denom) 760 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)); 761 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 762 763 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99 764 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_C99 765 __extension__ extern lldiv_t lldiv (long long int __numer, 766 long long int __denom) 767 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)); 768 __END_NAMESPACE_C99 769 #endif 770 771 772 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED 773 /* Convert floating point numbers to strings. The returned values are 774 valid only until another call to the same function. */ 775 776 /* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to 777 this. Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN 778 with the sign of the number. */ 779 extern char *ecvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt, 780 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW; 781 782 /* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits. Set *DECPT 783 with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of 784 the number. */ 785 extern char *fcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt, 786 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW; 787 788 /* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits. 789 Otherwise use exponential representation. The resulting string will 790 be written to BUF. */ 791 extern char *gcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf) __THROW; 792 793 794 # ifdef __USE_MISC 795 /* Long double versions of above functions. */ 796 extern char *qecvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, 797 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign) __THROW; 798 extern char *qfcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, 799 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign) __THROW; 800 extern char *qgcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf) __THROW; 801 802 803 /* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own 804 buffers. */ 805 extern int ecvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt, 806 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf, 807 size_t __len) __THROW; 808 extern int fcvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt, 809 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf, 810 size_t __len) __THROW; 811 812 extern int qecvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit, 813 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign, 814 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len) __THROW; 815 extern int qfcvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit, 816 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign, 817 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len) __THROW; 818 # endif /* misc */ 819 #endif /* use MISC || use X/Open Unix */ 820 821 822 __BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD 823 /* Return the length of the multibyte character 824 in S, which is no longer than N. */ 825 extern int mblen (__const char *__s, size_t __n) __THROW; 826 /* Return the length of the given multibyte character, 827 putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC. */ 828 extern int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict __pwc, 829 __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW; 830 /* Put the multibyte character represented 831 by WCHAR in S, returning its length. */ 832 extern int wctomb (char *__s, wchar_t __wchar) __THROW; 833 834 835 /* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string. */ 836 extern size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, 837 __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW; 838 /* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string. */ 839 extern size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict __s, 840 __const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, size_t __n) 841 __THROW; 842 __END_NAMESPACE_STD 843 844 845 #ifdef __USE_SVID 846 /* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation 847 or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category 848 in the program's current locale. Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if 849 negative, and -1 if not matching. */ 850 extern int rpmatch (__const char *__response) __THROW; 851 #endif 852 853 854 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED 855 /* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against 856 strings in TOKENS. If found return index and set *VALUEP to 857 optional value introduced by an equal sign. If the suboption is 858 not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown 859 suboption. On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next 860 token or at the terminating NUL character. */ 861 extern int getsubopt (char **__restrict __optionp, 862 char *__const *__restrict __tokens, 863 char **__restrict __valuep) __THROW; 864 #endif 865 866 867 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN 868 /* Setup DES tables according KEY. */ 869 extern void setkey (__const char *__key) __THROW; 870 #endif 871 872 873 /* X/Open pseudo terminal handling. */ 874 875 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K 876 /* Return a master pseudo-terminal handle. */ 877 extern int posix_openpt (int __oflag) __THROW; 878 #endif 879 880 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN 881 /* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and 882 perform an operation on the associated slave: */ 883 884 /* Chown the slave to the calling user. */ 885 extern int grantpt (int __fd) __THROW; 886 887 /* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened. 888 Call after grantpt(). */ 889 extern int unlockpt (int __fd) __THROW; 890 891 /* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave assoicated with 892 the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors. 893 The returned storage is good until the next call to this function. */ 894 extern char *ptsname (int __fd) __THROW; 895 #endif 896 897 #ifdef __USE_GNU 898 /* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo 899 terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF. 900 Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number. */ 901 extern int ptsname_r (int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen) __THROW; 902 903 /* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor. */ 904 extern int getpt (void) __THROW; 905 #endif 906 907 #ifdef __USE_BSD 908 /* Put the 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages into the first 909 NELEM elements of LOADAVG. Return the number written (never more than 910 three, but may be less than NELEM), or -1 if an error occurred. */ 911 extern int getloadavg (double __loadavg[], int __nelem) __THROW; 912 #endif 913 914 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */ 915 #undef __need_malloc_and_calloc 916 917 __END_DECLS 918 919 #endif /* stdlib.h */ 920