xref: /haiku/src/system/boot/platform/bios_ia32/devices.cpp (revision 986e4abce4efeccd9418eb8cdc7a710487f093b9)
1 /*
2  * Copyright 2003-2006, Axel Dörfler, axeld@pinc-software.de.
3  * Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
4  */
5 
6 
7 #include "bios.h"
8 
9 #include <KernelExport.h>
10 #include <boot/platform.h>
11 #include <boot/partitions.h>
12 #include <boot/stdio.h>
13 #include <boot/stage2.h>
14 
15 #include <string.h>
16 
17 //#define TRACE_DEVICES
18 #ifdef TRACE_DEVICES
19 #	define TRACE(x) dprintf x
20 #else
21 #	define TRACE(x) ;
22 #endif
23 
24 
25 // exported from shell.S
26 extern uint8 gBootedFromImage;
27 extern uint8 gBootDriveID;
28 extern uint32 gBootPartitionOffset;
29 
30 // int 0x13 definitions
31 #define BIOS_RESET_DISK_SYSTEM			0x0000
32 #define BIOS_READ						0x0200
33 #define BIOS_GET_DRIVE_PARAMETERS		0x0800
34 #define BIOS_IS_EXT_PRESENT				0x4100
35 #define BIOS_EXT_READ					0x4200
36 #define BIOS_EXT_WRITE					0x4300
37 #define BIOS_GET_EXT_DRIVE_PARAMETERS	0x4800
38 #define BIOS_BOOT_CD_GET_STATUS			0x4b01
39 
40 struct real_addr {
41 	uint16	offset;
42 	uint16	segment;
43 };
44 
45 struct disk_address_packet {
46 	uint8		size;
47 	uint8		reserved;
48 	uint16		number_of_blocks;
49 	uint32		buffer;
50 	uint64		lba;
51 	uint64		flat_buffer;
52 };
53 
54 static const uint16 kParametersSizeVersion1 = 0x1a;
55 static const uint16 kParametersSizeVersion2 = 0x1e;
56 static const uint16 kParametersSizeVersion3 = 0x42;
57 
58 static const uint16 kDevicePathSignature = 0xbedd;
59 
60 struct drive_parameters {
61 	uint16		parameters_size;
62 	uint16		flags;
63 	uint32		cylinders;
64 	uint32		heads;
65 	uint32		sectors_per_track;
66 	uint64		sectors;
67 	uint16		bytes_per_sector;
68 	/* edd 2.0 */
69 	real_addr	device_table;
70 	/* edd 3.0 */
71 	uint16		device_path_signature;
72 	uint8		device_path_size;
73 	uint8		reserved1[3];
74 	char		host_bus[4];
75 	char		interface_type[8];
76 	union {
77 		struct {
78 			uint16	base_address;
79 		} legacy;
80 		struct {
81 			uint8	bus;
82 			uint8	slot;
83 			uint8	function;
84 		} pci;
85 		uint8		reserved[8];
86 	} interface;
87 	union {
88 		struct {
89 			uint8	slave;
90 		} ata;
91 		struct {
92 			uint8	slave;
93 			uint8	logical_unit;
94 		} atapi;
95 		struct {
96 			uint8	logical_unit;
97 		} scsi;
98 		struct {
99 			uint8	tbd;
100 		} usb;
101 		struct {
102 			uint64	guid;
103 		} firewire;
104 		struct {
105 			uint64	wwd;
106 		} fibre;
107 	} device;
108 	uint8		reserved2;
109 	uint8		checksum;
110 } _PACKED;
111 
112 struct device_table {
113 	uint16	base_address;
114 	uint16	control_port_address;
115 	uint8	_reserved1 : 4;
116 	uint8	is_slave : 1;
117 	uint8	_reserved2 : 1;
118 	uint8	lba_enabled : 1;
119 } _PACKED;
120 
121 struct specification_packet {
122 	uint8	size;
123 	uint8	media_type;
124 	uint8	drive_number;
125 	uint8	controller_index;
126 	uint32	start_emulation;
127 	uint16	device_specification;
128 	uint8	_more_[9];
129 } _PACKED;
130 
131 class BIOSDrive : public Node {
132 	public:
133 		BIOSDrive(uint8 driveID);
134 		virtual ~BIOSDrive();
135 
136 		status_t InitCheck() const;
137 
138 		virtual ssize_t ReadAt(void *cookie, off_t pos, void *buffer, size_t bufferSize);
139 		virtual ssize_t WriteAt(void *cookie, off_t pos, const void *buffer, size_t bufferSize);
140 
141 		virtual off_t Size() const;
142 
143 		uint32 BlockSize() const { return fBlockSize; }
144 
145 		status_t FillIdentifier();
146 
147 		bool HasParameters() const { return fHasParameters; }
148 		const drive_parameters &Parameters() const { return fParameters; }
149 
150 		disk_identifier &Identifier() { return fIdentifier; }
151 		uint8 DriveID() const { return fDriveID; }
152 
153 	protected:
154 		uint8	fDriveID;
155 		bool	fLBA;
156 		uint64	fSize;
157 		uint32	fBlockSize;
158 		bool	fHasParameters;
159 		drive_parameters fParameters;
160 		disk_identifier fIdentifier;
161 };
162 
163 
164 static bool sBlockDevicesAdded = false;
165 
166 
167 static void
168 check_cd_boot(BIOSDrive *drive)
169 {
170 	gBootVolume.SetInt32(BOOT_METHOD, BOOT_METHOD_HARD_DISK);
171 
172 	if (drive->DriveID() != 0)
173 		return;
174 
175 	struct bios_regs regs;
176 	regs.eax = BIOS_BOOT_CD_GET_STATUS;
177 	regs.edx = 0;
178 	regs.esi = kDataSegmentScratch;
179 	call_bios(0x13, &regs);
180 
181 	if ((regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG) != 0)
182 		return;
183 
184 	// we obviously were booted from CD!
185 
186 	specification_packet *packet = (specification_packet *)kDataSegmentScratch;
187 	if (packet->media_type != 0)
188 		gBootVolume.SetInt32(BOOT_METHOD, BOOT_METHOD_CD);
189 
190 #if 0
191 	dprintf("got CD boot spec:\n");
192 	dprintf("  size: %#x\n", packet->size);
193 	dprintf("  media type: %u\n", packet->media_type);
194 	dprintf("  drive_number: %u\n", packet->drive_number);
195 	dprintf("  controller index: %u\n", packet->controller_index);
196 	dprintf("  start emulation: %lu\n", packet->start_emulation);
197 	dprintf("  device_specification: %u\n", packet->device_specification);
198 #endif
199 }
200 
201 
202 static bool
203 are_extensions_available(uint8 drive)
204 {
205 	struct bios_regs regs;
206 	regs.eax = BIOS_IS_EXT_PRESENT;
207 	regs.ebx = 0x55aa;
208 	regs.edx = drive;
209 	call_bios(0x13, &regs);
210 
211 	TRACE(("checking extensions: carry: %u; ebx: 0x%08lx; ecx: 0x%08lx\n",
212 		regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG, regs.ebx, regs.ecx));
213 	return (regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG) == 0 && regs.ebx == 0xaa55
214 		&& (regs.ecx & 0x01 /* supports device access using packet */) != 0;
215 }
216 
217 
218 static status_t
219 get_ext_drive_parameters(uint8 drive, drive_parameters *targetParameters)
220 {
221 	drive_parameters *parameter = (drive_parameters *)kDataSegmentScratch;
222 
223 	memset(parameter, 0, sizeof(drive_parameters));
224 	parameter->parameters_size = sizeof(drive_parameters);
225 
226 	struct bios_regs regs;
227 	regs.eax = BIOS_GET_EXT_DRIVE_PARAMETERS;
228 	regs.edx = drive;
229 	regs.esi = (addr_t)parameter - kDataSegmentBase;
230 	call_bios(0x13, &regs);
231 
232 	// filter out faulty BIOS return codes
233 	if ((regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG) != 0
234 		|| parameter->sectors == 0)
235 		return B_ERROR;
236 
237 	memcpy(targetParameters, parameter, sizeof(drive_parameters));
238 	return B_OK;
239 }
240 
241 
242 static status_t
243 get_drive_parameters(uint8 drive, drive_parameters *parameters)
244 {
245 	struct bios_regs regs;
246 	regs.eax = BIOS_GET_DRIVE_PARAMETERS;
247 	regs.edx = drive;
248 	regs.es = 0;
249 	regs.edi = 0;	// guard against faulty BIOS, see Ralf Brown's interrupt list
250 	call_bios(0x13, &regs);
251 
252 	if ((regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG) != 0 || (regs.ecx & 0x3f) == 0)
253 		return B_ERROR;
254 
255 	// fill drive_parameters structure with useful values
256 	parameters->parameters_size = kParametersSizeVersion1;
257 	parameters->flags = 0;
258 	parameters->cylinders = (((regs.ecx & 0xc0) << 2) | ((regs.ecx >> 8) & 0xff)) + 1;
259 	parameters->heads = ((regs.edx >> 8) & 0xff) + 1;
260 		// heads and cylinders start counting from 0
261 	parameters->sectors_per_track = regs.ecx & 0x3f;
262 	parameters->sectors = parameters->cylinders * parameters->heads
263 		* parameters->sectors_per_track;
264 	parameters->bytes_per_sector = 512;
265 
266 	return B_OK;
267 }
268 
269 
270 static status_t
271 get_number_of_drives(uint8 *_count)
272 {
273 	struct bios_regs regs;
274 	regs.eax = BIOS_GET_DRIVE_PARAMETERS;
275 	regs.edx = 0x80;
276 	regs.es = 0;
277 	regs.edi = 0;
278 	call_bios(0x13, &regs);
279 
280 	if (regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG)
281 		return B_ERROR;
282 
283 	*_count = regs.edx & 0xff;
284 	return B_OK;
285 }
286 
287 
288 /** parse EDD 3.0 drive path information */
289 
290 static status_t
291 fill_disk_identifier_v3(disk_identifier &disk, const drive_parameters &parameters)
292 {
293 	if (parameters.parameters_size < kParametersSizeVersion3
294 		|| parameters.device_path_signature != kDevicePathSignature)
295 		return B_BAD_TYPE;
296 
297 	// parse host bus
298 
299 	if (!strncmp(parameters.host_bus, "PCI", 3)) {
300 		disk.bus_type = PCI_BUS;
301 
302 		disk.bus.pci.bus = parameters.interface.pci.bus;
303 		disk.bus.pci.slot = parameters.interface.pci.slot;
304 		disk.bus.pci.function = parameters.interface.pci.function;
305 	} else if (!strncmp(parameters.host_bus, "ISA", 3)) {
306 		disk.bus_type = LEGACY_BUS;
307 
308 		disk.bus.legacy.base_address = parameters.interface.legacy.base_address;
309 		dprintf("legacy base address %x\n", disk.bus.legacy.base_address);
310 	} else {
311 		dprintf("unknown host bus \"%s\"\n", parameters.host_bus);
312 		return B_BAD_DATA;
313 	}
314 
315 	// parse interface
316 
317 	if (!strncmp(parameters.interface_type, "ATA", 3)) {
318 		disk.device_type = ATA_DEVICE;
319 		disk.device.ata.master = !parameters.device.ata.slave;
320 		dprintf("ATA device, %s\n", disk.device.ata.master ? "master" : "slave");
321 	} else if (!strncmp(parameters.interface_type, "ATAPI", 3)) {
322 		disk.device_type = ATAPI_DEVICE;
323 		disk.device.atapi.master = !parameters.device.ata.slave;
324 		disk.device.atapi.logical_unit = parameters.device.atapi.logical_unit;
325 	} else if (!strncmp(parameters.interface_type, "SCSI", 3)) {
326 		disk.device_type = SCSI_DEVICE;
327 		disk.device.scsi.logical_unit = parameters.device.scsi.logical_unit;
328 	} else if (!strncmp(parameters.interface_type, "USB", 3)) {
329 		disk.device_type = USB_DEVICE;
330 		disk.device.usb.tbd = parameters.device.usb.tbd;
331 	} else if (!strncmp(parameters.interface_type, "1394", 3)) {
332 		disk.device_type = FIREWIRE_DEVICE;
333 		disk.device.firewire.guid = parameters.device.firewire.guid;
334 	} else if (!strncmp(parameters.interface_type, "FIBRE", 3)) {
335 		disk.device_type = FIBRE_DEVICE;
336 		disk.device.fibre.wwd = parameters.device.fibre.wwd;
337 	} else {
338 		dprintf("unknown interface type \"%s\"\n", parameters.interface_type);
339 		return B_BAD_DATA;
340 	}
341 
342 	return B_OK;
343 }
344 
345 
346 /** EDD 2.0 drive table information */
347 
348 static status_t
349 fill_disk_identifier_v2(disk_identifier &disk, const drive_parameters &parameters)
350 {
351 	if (parameters.device_table.segment == 0xffff
352 		&& parameters.device_table.offset == 0xffff)
353 		return B_BAD_TYPE;
354 
355 	device_table *table = (device_table *)LINEAR_ADDRESS(parameters.device_table.segment,
356 		parameters.device_table.offset);
357 
358 	disk.bus_type = LEGACY_BUS;
359 	disk.bus.legacy.base_address = table->base_address;
360 
361 	disk.device_type = ATA_DEVICE;
362 	disk.device.ata.master = !table->is_slave;
363 
364 	return B_OK;
365 }
366 
367 
368 static off_t
369 get_next_check_sum_offset(int32 index, off_t maxSize)
370 {
371 	// The boot block often contains the disk superblock, and should be
372 	// unique enough for most cases
373 	if (index < 2)
374 		return index * 512;
375 
376 	// Try some data in the first part of the drive
377 	if (index < 4)
378 		return (maxSize >> 10) + index * 2048;
379 
380 	// Some random value might do
381 	return ((system_time() + index) % (maxSize >> 9)) * 512;
382 }
383 
384 
385 /**	Computes a check sum for the specified block.
386  *	The check sum is the sum of all data in that block interpreted as an
387  *	array of uint32 values.
388  *	Note, this must use the same method as the one used in kernel/fs/vfs_boot.cpp.
389  */
390 
391 static uint32
392 compute_check_sum(BIOSDrive *drive, off_t offset)
393 {
394 	char buffer[512];
395 	ssize_t bytesRead = drive->ReadAt(NULL, offset, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
396 	if (bytesRead < B_OK)
397 		return 0;
398 
399 	if (bytesRead < (ssize_t)sizeof(buffer))
400 		memset(buffer + bytesRead, 0, sizeof(buffer) - bytesRead);
401 
402 	uint32 *array = (uint32 *)buffer;
403 	uint32 sum = 0;
404 
405 	for (uint32 i = 0; i < (bytesRead + sizeof(uint32) - 1) / sizeof(uint32); i++) {
406 		sum += array[i];
407 	}
408 
409 	return sum;
410 }
411 
412 
413 static void
414 find_unique_check_sums(NodeList *devices)
415 {
416 	NodeIterator iterator = devices->GetIterator();
417 	Node *device;
418 	int32 index = 0;
419 	off_t minSize = 0;
420 	const int32 kMaxTries = 200;
421 
422 	while (index < kMaxTries) {
423 		bool clash = false;
424 
425 		iterator.Rewind();
426 
427 		while ((device = iterator.Next()) != NULL) {
428 			BIOSDrive *drive = (BIOSDrive *)device;
429 #if 0
430 			// there is no RTTI in the boot loader...
431 			BIOSDrive *drive = dynamic_cast<BIOSDrive *>(device);
432 			if (drive == NULL)
433 				continue;
434 #endif
435 
436 			// TODO: currently, we assume that the BIOS provided us with unique
437 			//	disk identifiers... hopefully this is a good idea
438 			if (drive->Identifier().device_type != UNKNOWN_DEVICE)
439 				continue;
440 
441 			if (minSize == 0 || drive->Size() < minSize)
442 				minSize = drive->Size();
443 
444 			// check for clashes
445 
446 			NodeIterator compareIterator = devices->GetIterator();
447 			while ((device = compareIterator.Next()) != NULL) {
448 				BIOSDrive *compareDrive = (BIOSDrive *)device;
449 
450 				if (compareDrive == drive
451 					|| compareDrive->Identifier().device_type != UNKNOWN_DEVICE)
452 					continue;
453 
454 // TODO: Until we can actually get and compare *all* fields of the disk
455 // identifier in the kernel, we cannot compare the whole structure (we also
456 // should be more careful zeroing the structure before we fill it).
457 #if 0
458 				if (!memcmp(&drive->Identifier(), &compareDrive->Identifier(),
459 						sizeof(disk_identifier))) {
460 					clash = true;
461 					break;
462 				}
463 #else
464 				const disk_identifier& ourId = drive->Identifier();
465 				const disk_identifier& otherId = compareDrive->Identifier();
466 				if (memcmp(&ourId.device.unknown.check_sums,
467 						&otherId.device.unknown.check_sums,
468 						sizeof(ourId.device.unknown.check_sums)) == 0) {
469 					clash = true;
470 				}
471 #endif
472 			}
473 
474 			if (clash)
475 				break;
476 		}
477 
478 		if (!clash) {
479 			// our work here is done.
480 			return;
481 		}
482 
483 		// add a new block to the check sums
484 
485 		off_t offset = get_next_check_sum_offset(index, minSize);
486 		int32 i = index % NUM_DISK_CHECK_SUMS;
487 		iterator.Rewind();
488 
489 		while ((device = iterator.Next()) != NULL) {
490 			BIOSDrive *drive = (BIOSDrive *)device;
491 
492 			disk_identifier& disk = drive->Identifier();
493 			disk.device.unknown.check_sums[i].offset = offset;
494 			disk.device.unknown.check_sums[i].sum = compute_check_sum(drive, offset);
495 
496 			TRACE(("disk %x, offset %Ld, sum %lu\n", drive->DriveID(), offset,
497 				disk.device.unknown.check_sums[i].sum));
498 		}
499 
500 		index++;
501 	}
502 
503 	// If we get here, we couldn't find a way to differentiate all disks from each other.
504 	// It's very likely that one disk is an exact copy of the other, so there is nothing
505 	// we could do, anyway.
506 
507 	dprintf("Could not make BIOS drives unique! Might boot from the wrong disk...\n");
508 }
509 
510 
511 static status_t
512 add_block_devices(NodeList *devicesList, bool identifierMissing)
513 {
514 	if (sBlockDevicesAdded)
515 		return B_OK;
516 
517 	uint8 driveCount;
518 	if (get_number_of_drives(&driveCount) != B_OK)
519 		return B_ERROR;
520 
521 	dprintf("number of drives: %d\n", driveCount);
522 
523 	for (int32 i = 0; i < driveCount; i++) {
524 		uint8 driveID = i + 0x80;
525 		if (driveID == gBootDriveID)
526 			continue;
527 
528 		BIOSDrive *drive = new(nothrow) BIOSDrive(driveID);
529 		if (drive->InitCheck() != B_OK) {
530 			dprintf("could not add drive %u\n", driveID);
531 			delete drive;
532 			continue;
533 		}
534 
535 		devicesList->Add(drive);
536 
537 		if (drive->FillIdentifier() != B_OK)
538 			identifierMissing = true;
539 	}
540 
541 	if (identifierMissing) {
542 		// we cannot distinguish between all drives by identifier, we need
543 		// compute checksums for them
544 		find_unique_check_sums(devicesList);
545 	}
546 
547 	sBlockDevicesAdded = true;
548 	return B_OK;
549 }
550 
551 
552 //	#pragma mark -
553 
554 
555 BIOSDrive::BIOSDrive(uint8 driveID)
556 	:
557 	fDriveID(driveID),
558 	fSize(0)
559 {
560 	TRACE(("drive ID %u\n", driveID));
561 
562 	if (driveID < 0x80 || !are_extensions_available(driveID)
563 		|| get_ext_drive_parameters(driveID, &fParameters) != B_OK) {
564 		// old style CHS support
565 
566 		if (get_drive_parameters(driveID, &fParameters) != B_OK) {
567 			dprintf("getting drive parameters for: %u failed!\n", fDriveID);
568 			return;
569 		}
570 
571 		TRACE(("  cylinders: %lu, heads: %lu, sectors: %lu, bytes_per_sector: %u\n",
572 			fParameters.cylinders, fParameters.heads, fParameters.sectors_per_track,
573 			fParameters.bytes_per_sector));
574 		TRACE(("  total sectors: %Ld\n", fParameters.sectors));
575 
576 		fBlockSize = 512;
577 		fSize = fParameters.sectors * fBlockSize;
578 		fLBA = false;
579 		fHasParameters = false;
580 	} else {
581 		TRACE(("size: %x\n", fParameters.parameters_size));
582 		TRACE(("drive_path_signature: %x\n", fParameters.device_path_signature));
583 		TRACE(("host bus: \"%s\", interface: \"%s\"\n", fParameters.host_bus,
584 			fParameters.interface_type));
585 		TRACE(("cylinders: %lu, heads: %lu, sectors: %lu, bytes_per_sector: %u\n",
586 			fParameters.cylinders, fParameters.heads, fParameters.sectors_per_track,
587 			fParameters.bytes_per_sector));
588 		TRACE(("total sectors: %Ld\n", fParameters.sectors));
589 
590 		fBlockSize = fParameters.bytes_per_sector;
591 		fSize = fParameters.sectors * fBlockSize;
592 		fLBA = true;
593 		fHasParameters = true;
594 	}
595 }
596 
597 
598 BIOSDrive::~BIOSDrive()
599 {
600 }
601 
602 
603 status_t
604 BIOSDrive::InitCheck() const
605 {
606 	return fSize > 0 ? B_OK : B_ERROR;
607 }
608 
609 
610 ssize_t
611 BIOSDrive::ReadAt(void *cookie, off_t pos, void *buffer, size_t bufferSize)
612 {
613 	uint32 offset = pos % fBlockSize;
614 	pos /= fBlockSize;
615 
616 	uint32 blocksLeft = (bufferSize + offset + fBlockSize - 1) / fBlockSize;
617 	int32 totalBytesRead = 0;
618 
619 	//TRACE(("BIOS reads %lu bytes from %Ld (offset = %lu), drive %u\n",
620 	//	blocksLeft * fBlockSize, pos * fBlockSize, offset, fDriveID));
621 
622 	uint32 scratchSize = 24 * 1024 / fBlockSize;
623 		// maximum value allowed by Phoenix BIOS is 0x7f
624 
625 	while (blocksLeft > 0) {
626 		uint32 blocksRead = blocksLeft;
627 		if (blocksRead > scratchSize)
628 			blocksRead = scratchSize;
629 
630 		if (fLBA) {
631 			struct disk_address_packet *packet = (disk_address_packet *)kDataSegmentScratch;
632 			memset(packet, 0, sizeof(disk_address_packet));
633 
634 			packet->size = sizeof(disk_address_packet);
635 			packet->number_of_blocks = blocksRead;
636 			packet->buffer = kExtraSegmentScratch;
637 			packet->lba = pos;
638 
639 			struct bios_regs regs;
640 			regs.eax = BIOS_EXT_READ;
641 			regs.edx = fDriveID;
642 			regs.esi = (addr_t)packet - kDataSegmentBase;
643 			call_bios(0x13, &regs);
644 
645 			if (regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG)
646 				goto chs_read;
647 		} else {
648 	chs_read:
649 			// Old style CHS read routine
650 
651 			// We can only read up to 64 kB this way, but since scratchSize
652 			// is actually lower than this value, we don't have to take care
653 			// of this here.
654 
655 			uint32 sector = pos % fParameters.sectors_per_track + 1;
656 				// sectors start countint at 1 (unlike head and cylinder)
657 			uint32 head = pos / fParameters.sectors_per_track;
658 			uint32 cylinder = head / fParameters.heads;
659 			head %= fParameters.heads;
660 
661 			if (cylinder >= fParameters.cylinders) {
662 				TRACE(("cylinder value %lu bigger than available %lu\n",
663 					cylinder, fParameters.cylinders));
664 				return B_BAD_VALUE;
665 			}
666 
667 			// try to read from the device more than once, just to make sure it'll work
668 			struct bios_regs regs;
669 			int32 tries = 3;
670 			bool readWorked = false;
671 
672 			while (tries-- > 0) {
673 				regs.eax = BIOS_READ | blocksRead;
674 				regs.edx = fDriveID | (head << 8);
675 				regs.ecx = sector | ((cylinder >> 2) & 0xc0) | ((cylinder & 0xff) << 8);
676 				regs.es = 0;
677 				regs.ebx = kExtraSegmentScratch;
678 				call_bios(0x13, &regs);
679 
680 				if ((regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG) == 0) {
681 					readWorked = true;
682 					break;
683 				}
684 
685 				TRACE(("read failed\n"));
686 
687 				if (tries < 2) {
688 					// reset disk system
689 					TRACE(("reset disk system\n"));
690 					regs.eax = BIOS_RESET_DISK_SYSTEM;
691 					regs.edx = fDriveID;
692 					call_bios(0x13, &regs);
693 				}
694 
695 				// wait a bit between the retries (1/20 sec)
696 				spin(50000);
697 			}
698 
699 			if (!readWorked) {
700 				dprintf("reading %ld bytes from drive %u failed at %Ld\n",
701 					blocksRead, fDriveID, pos);
702 				return B_ERROR;
703 			}
704 		}
705 
706 		uint32 bytesRead = fBlockSize * blocksRead - offset;
707 		// copy no more than bufferSize bytes
708 		if (bytesRead > bufferSize)
709 			bytesRead = bufferSize;
710 
711 		memcpy(buffer, (void *)(kExtraSegmentScratch + offset), bytesRead);
712 		pos += blocksRead;
713 		offset = 0;
714 		blocksLeft -= blocksRead;
715 		bufferSize -= bytesRead;
716 		buffer = (void *)((addr_t)buffer + bytesRead);
717 		totalBytesRead += bytesRead;
718 	}
719 
720 	return totalBytesRead;
721 }
722 
723 
724 ssize_t
725 BIOSDrive::WriteAt(void* cookie, off_t pos, const void* buffer,
726 	size_t bufferSize)
727 {
728 	// we support only LBA addressing
729 	if (!fLBA) {
730 		dprintf("BIOSDrive::WriteAt(): CHS addressing not supported\n");
731 		return B_UNSUPPORTED;
732 	}
733 
734 	// we support only block-aligned writes
735 	if (pos % fBlockSize != 0 || bufferSize % fBlockSize != 0) {
736 		dprintf("BIOSDrive::WriteAt(pos: %" B_PRIdOFF ", size: %" B_PRIuSIZE
737 			"): Block-unaligned write not supported.\n", pos, bufferSize);
738 		return B_UNSUPPORTED;
739 	}
740 
741 	pos /= fBlockSize;
742 
743 	uint32 blocksLeft = bufferSize / fBlockSize;
744 	int32 totalBytesWritten = 0;
745 
746 	uint32 scratchSize = 24 * 1024 / fBlockSize;
747 		// maximum value allowed by Phoenix BIOS is 0x7f
748 
749 	while (blocksLeft > 0) {
750 		uint32 blocksToWrite = blocksLeft;
751 		if (blocksToWrite > scratchSize)
752 			blocksToWrite = scratchSize;
753 
754 		uint32 bytesToWrite = blocksToWrite * fBlockSize;
755 
756 		memcpy((void*)kExtraSegmentScratch, buffer, bytesToWrite);
757 
758 		struct disk_address_packet* packet
759 			= (disk_address_packet*)kDataSegmentScratch;
760 		memset(packet, 0, sizeof(disk_address_packet));
761 
762 		packet->size = sizeof(disk_address_packet);
763 		packet->number_of_blocks = blocksToWrite;
764 		packet->buffer = kExtraSegmentScratch;
765 		packet->lba = pos;
766 
767 		struct bios_regs regs;
768 		regs.eax = BIOS_EXT_WRITE;	// al = 0x00 -- no write verify
769 		regs.edx = fDriveID;
770 		regs.esi = (addr_t)packet - kDataSegmentBase;
771 		call_bios(0x13, &regs);
772 
773 		if (regs.flags & CARRY_FLAG)
774 			return B_ERROR;
775 
776 		pos += blocksToWrite;
777 		blocksLeft -= blocksToWrite;
778 		bufferSize -= bytesToWrite;
779 		buffer = (void*)((addr_t)buffer + bytesToWrite);
780 		totalBytesWritten += bytesToWrite;
781 	}
782 
783 	return totalBytesWritten;
784 }
785 
786 
787 off_t
788 BIOSDrive::Size() const
789 {
790 	return fSize;
791 }
792 
793 
794 status_t
795 BIOSDrive::FillIdentifier()
796 {
797 	if (HasParameters()) {
798 		// try all drive_parameters versions, beginning from the most informative
799 
800 #if 0
801 		if (fill_disk_identifier_v3(fIdentifier, fParameters) == B_OK)
802 			return B_OK;
803 
804 		if (fill_disk_identifier_v2(fIdentifier, fParameters) == B_OK)
805 			return B_OK;
806 #else
807 		// TODO: the above version is the correct one - it's currently
808 		//		disabled, as the kernel boot code only supports the
809 		//		UNKNOWN_BUS/UNKNOWN_DEVICE way to find the correct boot
810 		//		device.
811 		if (fill_disk_identifier_v3(fIdentifier, fParameters) != B_OK)
812 			fill_disk_identifier_v2(fIdentifier, fParameters);
813 
814 #endif
815 
816 		// no interesting information, we have to fall back to the default
817 		// unknown interface/device type identifier
818 	}
819 
820 	fIdentifier.bus_type = UNKNOWN_BUS;
821 	fIdentifier.device_type = UNKNOWN_DEVICE;
822 	fIdentifier.device.unknown.size = Size();
823 
824 	for (int32 i = 0; i < NUM_DISK_CHECK_SUMS; i++) {
825 		fIdentifier.device.unknown.check_sums[i].offset = -1;
826 		fIdentifier.device.unknown.check_sums[i].sum = 0;
827 	}
828 
829 	return B_ERROR;
830 }
831 
832 
833 //	#pragma mark -
834 
835 
836 status_t
837 platform_add_boot_device(struct stage2_args *args, NodeList *devicesList)
838 {
839 	TRACE(("boot drive ID: %x\n", gBootDriveID));
840 
841 	BIOSDrive *drive = new(nothrow) BIOSDrive(gBootDriveID);
842 	if (drive->InitCheck() != B_OK) {
843 		dprintf("no boot drive!\n");
844 		delete drive;
845 		return B_ERROR;
846 	}
847 
848 	devicesList->Add(drive);
849 
850 	if (drive->FillIdentifier() != B_OK) {
851 		// We need to add all block devices to give the kernel the possibility
852 		// to find the right boot volume
853 		add_block_devices(devicesList, true);
854 	}
855 
856 	TRACE(("boot drive size: %Ld bytes\n", drive->Size()));
857 	gBootVolume.SetBool(BOOT_VOLUME_BOOTED_FROM_IMAGE, gBootedFromImage);
858 
859 	return B_OK;
860 }
861 
862 
863 status_t
864 platform_get_boot_partition(struct stage2_args *args, Node *bootDevice,
865 	NodeList *list, boot::Partition **_partition)
866 {
867 	BIOSDrive *drive = static_cast<BIOSDrive *>(bootDevice);
868 	off_t offset = (off_t)gBootPartitionOffset * drive->BlockSize();
869 
870 	dprintf("boot partition offset: %Ld\n", offset);
871 
872 	NodeIterator iterator = list->GetIterator();
873 	boot::Partition *partition = NULL;
874 	while ((partition = (boot::Partition *)iterator.Next()) != NULL) {
875 		TRACE(("partition offset = %Ld, size = %Ld\n", partition->offset, partition->size));
876 		// search for the partition that contains the partition
877 		// offset as reported by the BFS boot block
878 		if (offset >= partition->offset
879 			&& offset < partition->offset + partition->size) {
880 			*_partition = partition;
881 			return B_OK;
882 		}
883 	}
884 
885 	return B_ENTRY_NOT_FOUND;
886 }
887 
888 
889 status_t
890 platform_add_block_devices(stage2_args *args, NodeList *devicesList)
891 {
892 	return add_block_devices(devicesList, false);
893 }
894 
895 
896 status_t
897 platform_register_boot_device(Node *device)
898 {
899 	BIOSDrive *drive = (BIOSDrive *)device;
900 
901 	check_cd_boot(drive);
902 
903 	gBootVolume.SetInt64("boot drive number", drive->DriveID());
904 	gBootVolume.SetData(BOOT_VOLUME_DISK_IDENTIFIER, B_RAW_TYPE,
905 		&drive->Identifier(), sizeof(disk_identifier));
906 
907 	return B_OK;
908 }
909 
910