1 /* 2 * Copyright 2008 Oliver Ruiz Dorantes, oliver.ruiz.dorantes_at_gmail.com 3 * Copyright 2008 Mika Lindqvist 4 * All rights reserved. Distributed under the terms of the MIT License. 5 */ 6 7 #include "CommandManager.h" 8 9 10 #include <bluetooth/bluetooth_error.h> 11 12 inline void* buildCommand(uint8 ogf, uint8 ocf, void** param, size_t psize, 13 size_t* outsize) 14 { 15 struct hci_command_header* header; 16 17 #ifdef BT_IOCTLS_PASS_SIZE 18 header = (struct hci_command_header*) malloc(psize 19 + sizeof(struct hci_command_header)); 20 *outsize = psize + sizeof(struct hci_command_header); 21 #else 22 size_t* size = (size_t*)malloc(psize + sizeof(struct hci_command_header) 23 + sizeof(size_t)); 24 *outsize = psize + sizeof(struct hci_command_header) + sizeof(size_t); 25 26 *size = psize + sizeof(struct hci_command_header); 27 header = (struct hci_command_header*) (((uint8*)size)+4); 28 #endif 29 30 31 if (header != NULL) { 32 33 header->opcode = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(PACK_OPCODE(ogf, ocf)); 34 header->clen = psize; 35 36 if (param != NULL && psize != 0) { 37 *param = ((uint8*)header) + sizeof(struct hci_command_header); 38 } 39 } 40 #ifdef BT_IOCTLS_PASS_SIZE 41 return header; 42 #else 43 return (void*)size; 44 #endif 45 } 46 47 48 // This is for request that only require a Command complete in reply. 49 50 // Propagate to ReadBufferSize => reply stored in server side 51 // ReadLocalVersion => reply stored in server side 52 // Reset => no reply 53 54 // Request that do not need any input parameter 55 // Output reply can be fit in 32 bits field without talking status into account 56 status_t 57 NonParameterCommandRequest(uint8 ofg, uint8 ocf, int32* result, hci_id hId, 58 BMessenger* messenger) 59 { 60 int8 bt_status = BT_ERROR; 61 62 BluetoothCommand<> simpleCommand(ofg, ocf); 63 64 BMessage request(BT_MSG_HANDLE_SIMPLE_REQUEST); 65 BMessage reply; 66 67 request.AddInt32("hci_id", hId); 68 request.AddData("raw command", B_ANY_TYPE, 69 simpleCommand.Data(), simpleCommand.Size()); 70 request.AddInt16("eventExpected", HCI_EVENT_CMD_COMPLETE); 71 request.AddInt16("opcodeExpected", PACK_OPCODE(ofg, ocf)); 72 73 if (messenger->SendMessage(&request, &reply) == B_OK) { 74 reply.FindInt8("status", &bt_status); 75 if (result != NULL) 76 reply.FindInt32("result", result); 77 } 78 79 return bt_status; 80 } 81 82 83 #if 0 84 #pragma mark - CONTROL BASEBAND - 85 #endif 86 87 88 void* buildReset(size_t* outsize) 89 { 90 return buildCommand(OGF_CONTROL_BASEBAND, OCF_RESET, 91 NULL, 0, outsize); 92 } 93 94 95 void* buildReadLocalName(size_t* outsize) 96 { 97 return buildCommand(OGF_CONTROL_BASEBAND, OCF_READ_LOCAL_NAME, 98 NULL, 0, outsize); 99 } 100 101 102 void* buildReadClassOfDevice(size_t* outsize) 103 { 104 return buildCommand(OGF_CONTROL_BASEBAND, OCF_READ_CLASS_OF_DEV, 105 NULL, 0, outsize); 106 } 107 108 109 void* buildWriteScan(uint8 scanmode, size_t* outsize) 110 { 111 struct hci_write_scan_enable* param; 112 void* command = buildCommand(OGF_CONTROL_BASEBAND, OCF_WRITE_SCAN_ENABLE, 113 (void**) ¶m, sizeof(struct hci_write_scan_enable), outsize); 114 115 116 if (command != NULL) { 117 param->scan = scanmode; 118 } 119 120 return command; 121 122 } 123 124 125 #if 0 126 #pragma mark - LINK CONTROL - 127 #endif 128 129 130 void* buildRemoteNameRequest(bdaddr_t bdaddr, uint8 pscan_rep_mode, 131 uint16 clock_offset, size_t* outsize) 132 { 133 134 struct hci_remote_name_request* param; 135 void* command = buildCommand(OGF_LINK_CONTROL, OCF_REMOTE_NAME_REQUEST, 136 (void**)¶m, sizeof(struct hci_remote_name_request), outsize); 137 138 if (command != NULL) { 139 param->bdaddr = bdaddr; 140 param->pscan_rep_mode = pscan_rep_mode; 141 param->clock_offset = clock_offset; 142 } 143 144 return command; 145 } 146 147 148 void* buildInquiry(uint32 lap, uint8 length, uint8 num_rsp, size_t* outsize) 149 { 150 151 struct hci_cp_inquiry* param; 152 void* command = buildCommand(OGF_LINK_CONTROL, OCF_INQUIRY, 153 (void**) ¶m, sizeof(struct hci_cp_inquiry), outsize); 154 155 if (command != NULL) { 156 157 param->lap[2] = (lap >> 16) & 0xFF; 158 param->lap[1] = (lap >> 8) & 0xFF; 159 param->lap[0] = (lap >> 0) & 0xFF; 160 param->length = length; 161 param->num_rsp = num_rsp; 162 } 163 164 return command; 165 } 166 167 168 void* buildInquiryCancel(size_t* outsize) 169 { 170 171 return buildCommand(OGF_LINK_CONTROL, OCF_INQUIRY_CANCEL, NULL, 0, outsize); 172 173 } 174 175 176 void* buildPinCodeRequestReply(bdaddr_t bdaddr, uint8 length, char pincode[16], 177 size_t* outsize) 178 { 179 struct hci_cp_pin_code_reply* param; 180 181 if (length > HCI_PIN_SIZE) // PinCode cannot be longer than 16 182 return NULL; 183 184 void* command = buildCommand(OGF_LINK_CONTROL, OCF_PIN_CODE_REPLY, 185 (void**)¶m, sizeof(struct hci_cp_pin_code_reply), outsize); 186 187 if (command != NULL) { 188 param->bdaddr = bdaddr; 189 param->pin_len = length; 190 memcpy(¶m->pin_code, pincode, length); 191 } 192 193 return command; 194 } 195 196 197 void* buildPinCodeRequestNegativeReply(bdaddr_t bdaddr, size_t* outsize) 198 { 199 200 struct hci_cp_pin_code_neg_reply* param; 201 202 void* command = buildCommand(OGF_LINK_CONTROL, OCF_PIN_CODE_NEG_REPLY, 203 (void**) ¶m, sizeof(struct hci_cp_pin_code_neg_reply), outsize); 204 205 if (command != NULL) { 206 207 param->bdaddr = bdaddr; 208 209 } 210 211 return command; 212 } 213 214 215 void* buildAcceptConnectionRequest(bdaddr_t bdaddr, uint8 role, size_t* outsize) 216 { 217 struct hci_cp_accept_conn_req* param; 218 219 void* command = buildCommand(OGF_LINK_CONTROL, OCF_ACCEPT_CONN_REQ, 220 (void**) ¶m, sizeof(struct hci_cp_accept_conn_req), outsize); 221 222 if (command != NULL) { 223 param->bdaddr = bdaddr; 224 param->role = role; 225 } 226 227 return command; 228 } 229 230 231 void* buildRejectConnectionRequest(bdaddr_t bdaddr, size_t* outsize) 232 { 233 struct hci_cp_reject_conn_req* param; 234 235 void* command = buildCommand(OGF_LINK_CONTROL, OCF_REJECT_CONN_REQ, 236 (void**)¶m, sizeof(struct hci_cp_reject_conn_req), 237 outsize); 238 239 if (command != NULL) { 240 param->bdaddr = bdaddr; 241 } 242 243 return command; 244 } 245 246 247 #if 0 248 #pragma mark - INFORMATIONAL_PARAM - 249 #endif 250 251 void* buildReadLocalVersionInformation(size_t* outsize) 252 { 253 return buildCommand(OGF_INFORMATIONAL_PARAM, OCF_READ_LOCAL_VERSION, 254 NULL, 0, outsize); 255 } 256 257 258 void* buildReadBufferSize(size_t* outsize) 259 { 260 return buildCommand(OGF_INFORMATIONAL_PARAM, OCF_READ_BUFFER_SIZE, 261 NULL, 0, outsize); 262 } 263 264 265 void* buildReadBdAddr(size_t* outsize) 266 { 267 return buildCommand(OGF_INFORMATIONAL_PARAM, OCF_READ_BD_ADDR, 268 NULL, 0, outsize); 269 } 270 271 272 const char* bluetoothManufacturers[] = { 273 "Ericsson Technology Licensing", 274 "Nokia Mobile Phones", 275 "Intel Corp.", 276 "IBM Corp.", 277 "Toshiba Corp.", 278 "3Com", 279 "Microsoft", 280 "Lucent", 281 "Motorola", 282 "Infineon Technologies AG", 283 "Cambridge Silicon Radio", 284 "Silicon Wave", 285 "Digianswer A/S", 286 "Texas Instruments Inc.", 287 "Parthus Technologies Inc.", 288 "Broadcom Corporation", 289 "Mitel Semiconductor", 290 "Widcomm, Inc.", 291 "Zeevo, Inc.", 292 "Atmel Corporation", 293 "Mitsubishi Electric Corporation", 294 "RTX Telecom A/S", 295 "KC Technology Inc.", 296 "Newlogic", 297 "Transilica, Inc.", 298 "Rohde & Schwartz GmbH & Co. KG", 299 "TTPCom Limited", 300 "Signia Technologies, Inc.", 301 "Conexant Systems Inc.", 302 "Qualcomm", 303 "Inventel", 304 "AVM Berlin", 305 "BandSpeed, Inc.", 306 "Mansella Ltd", 307 "NEC Corporation", 308 "WavePlus Technology Co., Ltd.", 309 "Alcatel", 310 "Philips Semiconductors", 311 "C Technologies", 312 "Open Interface", 313 "R F Micro Devices", 314 "Hitachi Ltd", 315 "Symbol Technologies, Inc.", 316 "Tenovis", 317 "Macronix International Co. Ltd.", 318 "GCT Semiconductor", 319 "Norwood Systems", 320 "MewTel Technology Inc.", 321 "ST Microelectronics", 322 "Synopsys", 323 "Red-M (Communications) Ltd", 324 "Commil Ltd", 325 "Computer Access Technology Corporation (CATC)", 326 "Eclipse (HQ España) S.L.", 327 "Renesas Technology Corp.", 328 "Mobilian Corporation", 329 "Terax", 330 "Integrated System Solution Corp.", 331 "Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.", 332 "Gennum Corporation", 333 "Research In Motion", 334 "IPextreme, Inc.", 335 "Systems and Chips, Inc", 336 "Bluetooth SIG, Inc", 337 "Seiko Epson Corporation", 338 "Integrated Silicon Solution Taiwain, Inc.", 339 "CONWISE Technology Corporation Ltd", 340 "PARROT SA", 341 "Socket Communications", 342 "Atheros Communications, Inc.", 343 "MediaTek, Inc.", 344 "Bluegiga", /* (tentative) */ 345 "Marvell Technology Group Ltd.", 346 "3DSP Corporation", 347 "Accel Semiconductor Ltd.", 348 "Continental Automotive Systems", 349 "Apple, Inc.", 350 "Staccato Communications, Inc." 351 }; 352 353 354 const char* linkControlCommands[] = { 355 "Inquiry", 356 "Inquiry Cancel", 357 "Periodic Inquiry Mode", 358 "Exit Periodic Inquiry Mode", 359 "Create Connection", 360 "Disconnect", 361 "Add SCO Connection", // not on 2.1 362 "Cancel Create Connection", 363 "Accept Connection Request", 364 "Reject Connection Request", 365 "Link Key Request Reply", 366 "Link Key Request Negative Reply", 367 "PIN Code Request Reply", 368 "PIN Code Request Negative Reply", 369 "Change Connection Packet Type", 370 "Reserved", // not on 2.1", 371 "Authentication Requested", 372 "Reserved", // not on 2.1", 373 "Set Connection Encryption", 374 "Reserved", // not on 2.1", 375 "Change Connection Link Key", 376 "Reserved", // not on 2.1", 377 "Master Link Key", 378 "Reserved", // not on 2.1", 379 "Remote Name Request", 380 "Cancel Remote Name Request", 381 "Read Remote Supported Features", 382 "Read Remote Extended Features", 383 "Read Remote Version Information", 384 "Reserved", // not on 2.1", 385 "Read Clock Offset", 386 "Read LMP Handle", 387 "Reserved", 388 "Reserved", 389 "Reserved", 390 "Reserved", 391 "Reserved", 392 "Reserved", 393 "Reserved", 394 "Setup Synchronous Connection", 395 "Accept Synchronous Connection", 396 "Reject Synchronous Connection", 397 "IO Capability Request Reply", 398 "User Confirmation Request Reply", 399 "User Confirmation Request Negative Reply", 400 "User Passkey Request Reply", 401 "User Passkey Request Negative Reply", 402 "Remote OOB Data Request Reply", 403 "Reserved", 404 "Reserved", 405 "Remote OOB Data Request Negative Reply", 406 "IO Capabilities Response Negative Reply" 407 }; 408 409 410 const char* linkPolicyCommands[] = { 411 "Hold Mode", 412 "Reserved", 413 "Sniff Mode", 414 "Exit Sniff Mode", 415 "Park State", 416 "Exit Park State", 417 "QoS Setup", 418 "Reserved", 419 "Role Discovery", 420 "Reserved", 421 "Switch Role", 422 "Read Link Policy Settings", 423 "Write Link Policy Settings", 424 "Read Default Link Policy Settings", 425 "Write Default Link Policy Settings", 426 "Flow Specification", 427 "Sniff Subrating" 428 }; 429 430 431 const char* controllerBasebandCommands[] = { 432 "Set Event Mask", 433 "Reserved", 434 "Reset", 435 "Reserved", 436 "Set Event Filter", 437 "Reserved", 438 "Reserved", 439 "Flush", 440 "Read PIN Type", 441 "Write PIN Type", 442 "Create New Unit Key", 443 "Reserved", 444 "Read Stored Link Key", 445 "Reserved", 446 "Reserved", 447 "Reserved", 448 "Write Stored Link Key", 449 "Delete Stored Link Key", 450 "Write Local Name", 451 "Read Local Name", 452 "Read Connection Accept Timeout", 453 "Write Connection Accept Timeout", 454 "Read Page Timeout", 455 "Write Page Timeout", 456 "Read Scan Enable", 457 "Write Scan Enable", 458 "Read Page Scan Activity", 459 "Write Page Scan Activity", 460 "Read Inquiry Scan Activity", 461 "Write Inquiry Scan Activity", 462 "Read Authentication Enable", 463 "Write Authentication Enable", 464 "Read Encryption Mode", // not 2.1 465 "Write Encryption Mode",// not 2.1 466 "Read Class Of Device", 467 "Write Class Of Device", 468 "Read Voice Setting", 469 "Write Voice Setting", 470 "Read Automatic Flush Timeout", 471 "Write Automatic Flush Timeout", 472 "Read Num Broadcast Retransmissions", 473 "Write Num Broadcast Retransmissions", 474 "Read Hold Mode Activity", 475 "Write Hold Mode Activity", 476 "Read Transmit Power Level", 477 "Read Synchronous Flow Control Enable", 478 "Write Synchronous Flow Control Enable", 479 "Reserved", 480 "Set Host Controller To Host Flow Control", 481 "Reserved", 482 "Host Buffer Size", 483 "Reserved", 484 "Host Number Of Completed Packets", 485 "Read Link Supervision Timeout", 486 "Write Link Supervision Timeout", 487 "Read Number of Supported IAC", 488 "Read Current IAC LAP", 489 "Write Current IAC LAP", 490 "Read Page Scan Period Mode", // not 2.1 491 "Write Page Scan Period Mode", // not 2.1 492 "Read Page Scan Mode", // not 2.1 493 "Write Page Scan Mode", // not 2.1 494 "Set AFH Channel Classification", 495 "Reserved", 496 "Reserved", 497 "Read Inquiry Scan Type", 498 "Write Inquiry Scan Type", 499 "Read Inquiry Mode", 500 "Write Inquiry Mode", 501 "Read Page Scan Type", 502 "Write Page Scan Type", 503 "Read AFH Channel Assessment Mode", 504 "Write AFH Channel Assessment Mode", 505 "Reserved", 506 "Reserved", 507 "Reserved", 508 "Reserved", 509 "Reserved", 510 "Reserved", 511 "Reserved", 512 "Read Extended Inquiry Response", 513 "Write Extended Inquiry Response", 514 "Refresh Encryption Key", 515 "Reserved", 516 "Read Simple Pairing Mode", 517 "Write Simple Pairing Mode", 518 "Read Local OOB Data", 519 "Read Inquiry Transmit Power Level", 520 "Write Inquiry Transmit Power Level", 521 "Read Default Erroneous Data Reporting", 522 "Write Default Erroneous Data Reporting", 523 "Reserved", 524 "Reserved", 525 "Reserved", 526 "Enhanced Flush", 527 "Send Keypress Notification" 528 }; 529 530 531 const char* informationalParametersCommands[] = { 532 "Read Local Version Information", 533 "Read Local Supported Commands", 534 "Read Local Supported Features", 535 "Read Local Extended Features", 536 "Read Buffer Size", 537 "Reserved", 538 "Read Country Code", // not 2.1 539 "Reserved", 540 "Read BD ADDR" 541 }; 542 543 544 const char* statusParametersCommands[] = { 545 "Read Failed Contact Counter", 546 "Reset Failed Contact Counter", 547 "Read Link Quality", 548 "Reserved", 549 "Read RSSI", 550 "Read AFH Channel Map", 551 "Read Clock", 552 }; 553 554 555 const char* testingCommands[] = { 556 "Read Loopback Mode", 557 "Write Loopback Mode", 558 "Enable Device Under Test Mode", 559 "Write Simple Pairing Debug Mode", 560 }; 561 562 563 const char* bluetoothEvents[] = { 564 "Inquiry Complete", 565 "Inquiry Result", 566 "Conn Complete", 567 "Conn Request", 568 "Disconnection Complete", 569 "Auth Complete", 570 "Remote Name Request Complete", 571 "Encrypt Change", 572 "Change Conn Link Key Complete", 573 "Master Link Key Compl", 574 "Rmt Features", 575 "Rmt Version", 576 "Qos Setup Complete", 577 "Command Complete", 578 "Command Status", 579 "Hardware Error", 580 "Flush Occur", 581 "Role Change", 582 "Num Comp Pkts", 583 "Mode Change", 584 "Return Link Keys", 585 "Pin Code Req", 586 "Link Key Req", 587 "Link Key Notify", 588 "Loopback Command", 589 "Data Buffer Overflow", 590 "Max Slot Change", 591 "Read Clock Offset Compl", 592 "Con Pkt Type Changed", 593 "Qos Violation", 594 "Reserved", 595 "Page Scan Rep Mode Change", 596 "Flow Specification", 597 "Inquiry Result With Rssi", 598 "Remote Extended Features", 599 "Reserved", 600 "Reserved", 601 "Reserved", 602 "Reserved", 603 "Reserved", 604 "Reserved", 605 "Reserved", 606 "Reserved", 607 "Synchronous Connection Completed", 608 "Synchronous Connection Changed", 609 "Reserved", 610 "Extended Inquiry Result", 611 "Encryption Key Refresh Complete", 612 "Io Capability Request", 613 "Io Capability Response", 614 "User Confirmation Request", 615 "User Passkey Request", 616 "Oob Data Request", 617 "Simple Pairing Complete", 618 "Reserved", 619 "Link Supervision Timeout Changed", 620 "Enhanced Flush Complete", 621 "Reserved", 622 "Reserved", 623 "Keypress Notification", 624 "Remote Host Supported Features Notification" 625 }; 626 627 628 const char* bluetoothErrors[] = { 629 "No Error", 630 "Unknown Command", 631 "No Connection", 632 "Hardware Failure", 633 "Page Timeout", 634 "Authentication Failure", 635 "Pin Or Key Missing", 636 "Memory Full", 637 "Connection Timeout", 638 "Max Number Of Connections", 639 "Max Number Of Sco Connections", 640 "Acl Connection Exists", 641 "Command Disallowed", 642 "Rejected Limited Resources", 643 "Rejected Security", 644 "Rejected Personal", 645 "Host Timeout", 646 "Unsupported Feature", 647 "Invalid Parameters", 648 "Remote User Ended Connection", 649 "Remote Low Resources", 650 "Remote Power Off", 651 "Connection Terminated", 652 "Repeated Attempts", 653 "Pairing Not Allowed", 654 "Unknown Lmp Pdu", 655 "Unsupported Remote Feature", 656 "Sco Offset Rejected", 657 "Sco Interval Rejected", 658 "Air Mode Rejected", 659 "Invalid Lmp Parameters", 660 "Unspecified Error", 661 "Unsupported Lmp Parameter Value", 662 "Role Change Not Allowed", 663 "Lmp Response Timeout", 664 "Lmp Error Transaction Collision", 665 "Lmp Pdu Not Allowed", 666 "Encryption Mode Not Accepted", 667 "Unit Link Key Used", 668 "Qos Not Supported", 669 "Instant Passed", 670 "Pairing With Unit Key Not Supported", 671 "Different Transaction Collision", 672 "Qos Unacceptable Parameter", 673 "Qos Rejected", 674 "Classification Not Supported", 675 "Insufficient Security", 676 "Parameter Out Of Range", 677 "Reserved", 678 "Role Switch Pending", 679 "Reserved", 680 "Slot Violation", 681 "Role Switch Failed", 682 "Extended Inquiry Response Too Large", 683 "Simple Pairing Not Supported By Host", 684 "Host Busy Pairing" 685 }; 686 687 688 const char* hciVersion[] = { "1.0B" , "1.1 " , "1.2 " , "2.0 " , "2.1 "}; 689 const char* lmpVersion[] = { "1.0 " , "1.1 " , "1.2 " , "2.0 " , "2.1 "}; 690 691 692 #if 0 693 #pragma mark - 694 #endif 695 696 697 const char* 698 BluetoothHciVersion(uint16 ver) 699 { 700 return hciVersion[ver]; 701 } 702 703 704 const char* 705 BluetoothLmpVersion(uint16 ver) 706 { 707 return lmpVersion[ver]; 708 } 709 710 711 const char* 712 BluetoothCommandOpcode(uint16 opcode) 713 { 714 715 // NOTE: BT implementations beyond 2.1 716 // could specify new commands with OCF numbers 717 // beyond the boundaries of the arrays and crash. 718 // But only our stack could issue them so its under 719 // our control. 720 switch (GET_OPCODE_OGF(opcode)) { 721 case OGF_LINK_CONTROL: 722 return linkControlCommands[GET_OPCODE_OCF(opcode) - 1]; 723 break; 724 725 case OGF_LINK_POLICY: 726 return linkPolicyCommands[GET_OPCODE_OCF(opcode) - 1]; 727 break; 728 729 case OGF_CONTROL_BASEBAND: 730 return controllerBasebandCommands[GET_OPCODE_OCF(opcode) - 1]; 731 break; 732 733 case OGF_INFORMATIONAL_PARAM: 734 return informationalParametersCommands[GET_OPCODE_OCF(opcode) - 1]; 735 break; 736 737 case OGF_STATUS_PARAM: 738 return statusParametersCommands[GET_OPCODE_OCF(opcode) - 1]; 739 break; 740 741 case OGF_TESTING_CMD: 742 return testingCommands[GET_OPCODE_OCF(opcode) - 1]; 743 break; 744 case OGF_VENDOR_CMD: 745 return "Vendor specific command"; 746 break; 747 default: 748 return "Unknown command"; 749 break; 750 } 751 752 } 753 754 755 const char* 756 BluetoothEvent(uint8 event) 757 { 758 if (event < sizeof(bluetoothEvents) / sizeof(const char*)) 759 return bluetoothEvents[event - 1]; 760 else 761 return "Event out of Range!"; 762 } 763 764 765 const char* 766 BluetoothManufacturer(uint16 manufacturer) 767 { 768 if (manufacturer < sizeof(bluetoothManufacturers) / sizeof(const char*)) 769 return bluetoothManufacturers[manufacturer]; 770 else if (manufacturer == 0xFFFF) 771 return "internal use"; 772 else 773 return "not assigned"; 774 } 775 776 777 const char* 778 BluetoothError(uint8 error) 779 { 780 if (error < sizeof(bluetoothErrors) / sizeof(const char*)) 781 return bluetoothErrors[error]; 782 else 783 return "not specified"; 784 } 785