xref: /haiku/docs/user/support/Archivable.dox (revision fccd8899fcb583bfb73c5c26c9fcd714b963959b)
1/*
2 * Copyright 2007, Haiku, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
3 * Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
4 *
5 * Authors:
6 *		Niels Sascha Reedijk, niels.reedijk@gmail.com
7 *		Alex Wilson, yourpalal2@gmail.com
8 *
9 * Proofreader:
10 *		David Weizades, ddewbofh@hotmail.com
11 *		Thom Holwerda, slakje@quicknet.nl
12 *
13 * Corresponds to:
14 *		/trunk/headers/os/support/Archivable.h rev 37751
15 *		/trunk/src/kits/support/Archivable.cpp rev 37751
16 */
17
18
19/*!	\file Archivable.h
20	\brief Provides the BArchivable interface and declares the BArchiver and
21		BUnarchiver classes.
22*/
23
24
25/*!	\class BArchivable
26	\ingroup support
27	\ingroup libbe
28	\brief Interface for objects that can be archived into a BMessage.
29
30	BArchivable provides an interface for objects that can be put into message
31	archives and extracted into objects in another location. Using this you are
32	able to send objects between applications, or even between computers across
33	networks.
34
35	BArchivable differs from BFlattenable in that BFlattenable is designed to
36	store objects into flat streams of data, the main objective being storage to
37	disk. The objective of this interface, however, is to store objects that
38	will later be restored as new (but identical) objects. To illustrate this
39	point, BArchivable objects can be restored automatically to the correct
40	class, whereas BFlattenables have a data type which you need to map to
41	classes manually.
42
43	Archiving is done with the Archive() method. If your class supports it, the
44	caller can request it to store into a deep archive, meaning that all child
45	objects in it will be stored. Extracting the archive works with the
46	Instantiate() method, which is static. Since the interface is designed to
47	extract objects without the caller knowing what kind of object it actually
48	is, the global function #instantiate_object() instantiates a message without
49	you manually having to determine the class the message is from. This adds
50	considerable flexibility and allows BArchivable to be used in combination
51	with other add-ons.
52
53	To provide this interface in your classes you should publicly inherit this
54	class. You should implement Archive() and Instantiate(), and provide one
55	constructor that takes one BMessage argument.
56
57	If your class holds references to other BArchivable objects that you wish
58	to archive, then you should consider using the BArchiver and BUnarchiver
59	classes in your Archive() method and archive constructor, respectively.
60	You should also consider implementing the AllArchived() and AllUnarchived()
61	methods, which were designed to ease archiving and unarchiving in such
62	a situation.
63*/
64
65
66/*!
67	\fn BArchivable::BArchivable(BMessage* from)
68	\brief Constructor. Does important behind-the-scenes work in the unarchiving
69		process.
70
71	If you inherit this interface you should provide at least one constructor
72	that takes one BMessage argument. In that constructor, you should call your
73	parent class' archive constructor (even if your parent class is
74	BArchivable).
75*/
76
77
78/*!
79	\fn BArchivable::BArchivable()
80	\brief Constructor. Does nothing.
81*/
82
83
84/*!
85	\fn BArchivable::~BArchivable()
86	\brief Destructor. Does nothing.
87*/
88
89
90/*!
91	\fn virtual status_t BArchivable::Archive(BMessage* into,
92		 bool deep = true) const
93	\brief Archive the object into a BMessage.
94
95	You should call this method from your derived implementation as it adds the
96	data needed to instantiate your object to the message.
97
98	\param into The message you store your object in.
99	\param deep If \c true, all children of this object should be archived as
100		well.
101
102	\retval B_OK The archive operation was successful.
103	\retval B_BAD_VALUE \c NULL \a archive message.
104	\retval B_ERROR The archive operation failed.
105*/
106
107
108/*!
109	\fn static BArchivable* BArchivable::Instantiate(BMessage* archive)
110	\brief Static member to restore objects from messages.
111
112	You should always check that the \a archive argument actually corresponds to
113	your class. The automatic functions, such as #instantiate_object() and
114	BUnarchiver::InstantiateObject() will not choose the wrong class but manual
115	calls to this member might be faulty. You can verify that \c archive
116	stores an object of your calss with the validate_instantiation() function.
117
118	\param archive The message with the data of the object to restore.
119	\retval You should return a pointer to the object you create with
120		\c archive, or \c NULL if unarchival fails.
121	\warning The default implementation will always return \c NULL. Even though
122		it is possible to store plain BArchivable objects, it is impossible to
123		restore them.
124
125	\see instantiate_object(BMessage *from)
126	\see BUnarchiver::InstantiateObject()
127*/
128
129
130/*!
131	\fn virtual status_t BArchivable::Perform(perform_code d, void* arg)
132	\brief Perform some action (Internal method defined for binary
133		compatibility purposes).
134
135	\internal This method is defined for binary compatibility purposes, it is
136		used to ensure that the correct AllUnarchived() and AllArchived()
137		methods are called for objects, as those methods are new to Haiku.
138
139	\param d The perform code.
140	\param arg A pointer to store some data.
141
142	\returns A status code.
143*/
144
145
146/*!
147	\fn virtual status_t BArchivable::AllUnarchived(const BMessage* archive)
148	\brief Method relating to the use of \c BUnarchiver.
149
150	This hook function is called triggered in the BUnarchiver::Finish() method.
151	In this method, you can rebuild references to objects that may be direct
152	children of your object, or may be children of other objects.
153	Implementations of this method should call the implementation of
154	their parent class, the same as for the Archive() method.
155
156	\warning To guarantee that your AllUnarchived() method will be called
157		during unarchival, you must create a BUnarchiver object in your
158		archive constructor.
159
160	\see BUnarchiver, BUnarchiver::Finish()
161*/
162
163
164/*! \fn virtual status_t BArchivable::AllArchived(BMessage* into) const
165	\brief Method relating to the use of \c BArchiver.
166
167	This hook function is called once the first BArchiver that was created in
168	an archiving session is either destroyed, or has its Finish() method
169	called. Implementations of this method can be used, in conjunction with
170	BArchiver::IsArchived(), to reference objects in your archive that you
171	do not own, depending on whether or not those objects were archived by their
172	owners. Implementations of this method should call the implementation of
173	their parent class, the same as for the Archive() method.
174
175	\warning To guarantee that your AllArchived() method will be called
176		during archival, you must create a BArchiver object in your
177		Archive() implementation.
178
179	\warning You should archive any objects you own in your Archive()
180		method implementation, and \b NOT your AllArchived() method.
181
182	\see BArchiver BArchiver::Finish()
183*/
184
185
186///// Global methods /////
187/*!
188	\addtogroup support_globals
189	@{
190*/
191
192
193/*!	\typedef typedef BArchivable* (*instantiation_func)(BMessage*)
194	\brief Internal definition of a function that can instantiate objects that
195		have been created with the BArchivable API.
196*/
197
198
199/*!
200	\fn BArchivable* instantiate_object(BMessage *from, image_id *id)
201	\brief Instantiate an archived object with the object being defined in a
202		different application or library.
203
204	This function is similar to instantiate_object(BMessage *from), except that
205	it takes the \a id argument referring to an image where the object might be
206	stored.
207
208	\note Images are names for executable files. Image id's refer to these
209		executable files that have been loaded by your application. Have a look
210		at the kernel API for further information.
211*/
212
213
214/*!
215	\fn BArchivable* instantiate_object(BMessage *from)
216	\brief Instantiate an archived object.
217
218	This global function will determine the base class, based on the \a from
219	argument, and it will call the Instantiate() function of that object to
220	restore it.
221
222	\param from The archived object.
223	\return The object returns a pointer to the instantiated object, or \c NULL
224		if the instantiation failed. The global \c errno variable will contain
225		the reason why it failed.
226	\see instantiate_object(BMessage *from, image_id *id)
227*/
228
229
230/*!
231	\fn bool validate_instantiation(BMessage* from, const char* className)
232	\brief Internal function that checks if the \a className is the same as the
233		one stored in the \a from message.
234*/
235
236
237/*!
238	\fn instantiation_func find_instantiation_func(const char* className,
239		const char* signature)
240	\brief Internal function that searches for the instantiation func with a
241		specific signature. Use instantiate_object() instead.
242*/
243
244
245/*!
246	\fn instantiation_func find_instantiation_func(const char* className)
247	\brief Internal function that searches for the instantiation func of a
248		specific class. Use instantiate_object() instead.
249*/
250
251
252/*!
253	\fn instantiation_func find_instantiation_func(BMessage* archive)
254	\brief Internal function that searches for the instantiation func that
255		works on the specified \a archive. Use instantiate_object() instead.
256*/
257
258
259//! @}
260