xref: /haiku/docs/user/netservices/HttpRequest.dox (revision 6ce6e96470c1832bf07ed07f329e2239ba152ff7)

/*
 * Copyright 2022 Haiku, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
 *
 * Authors:
 *		Niels Sascha Reedijk, niels.reedijk@gmail.com
 *
 * Corresponds to:
 *		headers/private/netservices2/HttpRequest.h			hrev?????
 *		src/kits/network/libnetservices2/HttpRequest.cpp	hrev?????
 */


#if __cplusplus >= 201703L


/*!
	\file HttpRequest.h
	\ingroup netservices
	\brief Provides the classes and tools to build HTTP Requests.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


namespace BPrivate {

namespace Network {


/*!
	\class BHttpMethod
	\ingroup netservices
	\brief Represent a HTTP method.

	The <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7231#section-4.1">HTTP standard</a>
	specifies that HTTP requests have a method. Common methods are \c GET and \c HEAD methods.
	Standardized and common methods are in the form of \em verbs and are in capitalized letters
	from the ASCII token set, though any valid token can be used.

	It is most likely that you will not use the methods of this class directly, instead you will
	use the implicit constructors while interacting with the \ref BHttpRequest class.

	\code
	auto url = BUrl2("https://www.haiku-os.org/");
	// implicitly construct a standard get request
	auto standard = BHttpRequest(url, BHttpMethod::Get);
	// implicitly construct a nonstandard patch request
	auto custom = BHttpRequest(url, "PATCH"sv);
	\endcode

	\note When you are using the standard list of verbs, there will never be an exception when
		creating objects of this type. When you create a custom method, exceptions may be raised
		when the system runs out of memory, or when your custom method contains invalid characters.
		In almost all cases, you can probably safely assume you will not run into these exceptions,
		except for cases where you use user input to create methods or you are very defensive
		about memory management.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\class BHttpMethod::InvalidMethod
	\ingroup netservices
	\brief Error that represents when a custom method does not conform to the HTTP standard.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BString BHttpMethod::InvalidMethod::input
	\brief The input that contains the invalid contents.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod::InvalidMethod::InvalidMethod(const char *origin, BString input)
	\brief Constructor that sets the \a origin and the invalid \a input.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\enum BHttpMethod::Verb
	\ingroup netservices
	\brief A list of standard HTTP methods.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Get
	\brief Represents the \c GET method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Head
	\brief Represents the \c HEAD method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Post
	\brief Represents the \c POST method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Put
	\brief Represents the \c PUT method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Delete
	\brief Represents the \c DELETE method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Connect
	\brief Represents the \c CONNECT method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Options
	\brief Represents the \c OPTIONS method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\var BHttpMethod::Verb BHttpMethod::Trace
	\brief Represents the \c TRACE method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod::BHttpMethod(BHttpMethod &&other) noexcept
	\brief Move constructor.

	Moves the data from the \a other to this object. The \a other object will be set to
	\ref BHttpMethod::Get.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod::BHttpMethod(const BHttpMethod &other)
	\brief Copy constructor.

	Copy data from an \a other object.

	\exception std::bad_alloc When the \a other object contains a custom verb, this exception
		will be raised if it is impossible to allocate memory.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod::BHttpMethod(const std::string_view &method)
	\brief Construct a custom method.

	\param method The verb for the method.

	\exception std::bad_alloc In case it is not possible to allocate memory for the custom string.
	\exception BHttpMethod::InvalidMethod In case the \a method is empty or contains invalid
		characters.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod::BHttpMethod(Verb verb) noexcept
	\brief Construct a standard method.

	\param verb The chosen method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod::~BHttpMethod()
	\brief Destructor.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn const std::string_view BHttpMethod::Method() const noexcept
	\brief Get a string representation of the method.

	\return A \c std::string_view that is a string representation of the standard or custom method
		in this object. The lifetime of the string view is bound to the lifetime of this method.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod& BHttpMethod::operator=(BHttpMethod &&other) noexcept
	\brief Move assignment.
	Moves the data from the \a other to this object. The \a other object will be set to
	\ref BHttpMethod::Get.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpMethod& BPrivate::Network::BHttpMethod::operator=(const BHttpMethod &other)
	\brief Copy assignment.

	Copy data from an \a other object.

	\exception std::bad_alloc When the \a other object contains a custom verb, this exception
		will be raised if it is impossible to allocate memory.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\class BHttpRequest
	\ingroup netservices
	\brief Represent a HTTP request.

	This class can be used to construct HTTP requests that can be executed by the Network Services
	Kit. A request has two states, either it is is a valid request, or it is an empty request. The
	criterium is whether or not the request has a URL.

	This class has all kinds of convenience methods set and retrieve particular options. Most
	options are wrapped in specialized container classes that do some form of validation.

	The default options are:
	<table>
		<tr><th>Getter</th><th>Setter</th><th>Description</th><th>Default</th></tr>
		<tr>
			<td> \ref Url() </td>
			<td> \ref SetUrl() </td>
			<td> The URL. This must start with http or https. </td>
			<td> Defaults to an empty \ref BUrl </td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td> \ref Method() </td>
			<td> \ref SetMethod() </td>
			<td> The HTTP method for the request </td>
			<td> Defaults to \ref BHttpMethod::Get </td>
		</tr>
	</table>

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\name Constructors and Destructor
*/


//! @{


/*!
	\fn BHttpRequest::BHttpRequest()
	\brief Construct an empty HTTP request.

	\exception std::bad_alloc This exception may be raised if it is impossible to allocate memory.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpRequest::BHttpRequest(const BUrl &url)
	\brief Construct a HTTP request for an \a url.

	\param url A valid URL with the \c http or \c https protocol.

	\exception std::bad_alloc This exception may be raised if it is impossible to allocate memory.
	\exception BUnsupportedProtocol This exception is raised when the protocol of the URL cannot be
		handled.
	\exception BInvalidUrl This exception is raised when the \a url is invalid.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpRequest::BHttpRequest(const BHttpRequest &other)=delete
	\brief Copying is not allowed.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpRequest::BHttpRequest(BHttpRequest &&other) noexcept
	\brief Move constructor.

	After a move, the \a other object is left in an empty state.

	\param other The request to move data from.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BPrivate::Network::BHttpRequest::~BHttpRequest()
	\brief Destructor

	\since Haiku R1
*/


//! @}


/*!
	\name Assignment operators
*/


//! @{


/*!
	\fn BHttpRequest& BHttpRequest::operator=(const BHttpRequest &other)=delete
	\brief Copy assignment is not allowed.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn BHttpRequest& BHttpRequest::operator=(BHttpRequest &&other) noexcept
	\brief Move assignment

	After a move, the \a other object is left in an empty state.

	\param other The request to move data from.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


//! @}


/*!
	\name Valid or empty
*/


//! @{


/*!
	\fn bool BHttpRequest::IsEmpty() const noexcept
	\brief Check if the request is valid or empty

	\retval true The request is empty.
	\retval false The request is valid.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


//! @}


/*!
	\name Current Options
*/


//! @{


/*!
	\fn const BHttpMethod& BHttpRequest::Method() const noexcept
	\brief Get the current method for the request.

	This will either return the custom value set for this request, or the default as is listed in
	the overview documentation of this class.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn const BUrl& BHttpRequest::Url() const noexcept
	\brief Get the current Url for the request.

	This will either return the custom value set for this request, or the default as is listed in
	the overview documentation of this class.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


//! @}


/*!
	\name Setting Options
*/


//! @{


/*!
	\fn void BHttpRequest::SetMethod(const BHttpMethod &method)
	\brief Set the \a method for this request.

	Note that there currently is no additional validation done on any semantical incompatibilities.
	This means that it is currently allowed to do a \c GET or \c HEAD request with data, while that
	is forbidden by the standard.

	\param method The method to use for the request.

	\exception std::bad_alloc This exception may be raised if it is impossible to allocate memory.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


/*!
	\fn void BHttpRequest::SetUrl(const BUrl &url)
	\brief Set the \a url for this request.

	\param url A valid URL with the \c http or \c https protocol.

	\exception std::bad_alloc This exception may be raised if it is impossible to allocate memory.
	\exception BUnsupportedProtocol This exception is raised when the protocol of the URL cannot be
		handled.
	\exception BInvalidUrl This exception is raised when the \a url is invalid.

	\since Haiku R1
*/


//! @}


} // namespace Network

} // namespace BPrivate

#endif