xref: /haiku/ReadMe.Compiling.md (revision 940a3a23227c26f1ca8e9fb4139fed41a85eb0a0)
1Building Haiku
2==========================
3This is a overview into the process of building HAIKU from source.
4An online version is available at <https://www.haiku-os.org/guides/building/>.
5
6Official releases of Haiku are at <https://www.haiku-os.org/get-haiku>.
7The (unstable) nightly builds are available at <https://download.haiku-os.org/>.
8
9We currently support the following platforms:
10 * Haiku
11 * Linux
12 * FreeBSD
13 * macOS
14
15Required Software
16----------------------------
17Tools provided within Haiku's repositories:
18 * `jam` (Jam 2.5-haiku-20111222)
19 * Haiku's cross-compiler (needed only for non-Haiku platforms)
20
21The tools to compile Haiku will vary, depending on the platform that you are
22using to build Haiku. When building from Haiku, all of the necessary
23development tools are included in official releases (e.g. R1/alpha4) and in the
24nightly builds.
25
26 * `git`
27 * `gcc`/`g++` and binutils (`as`, `ld`, etc., required by GCC)
28 * (GNU) `make`
29 * `bison` (2.4 or better)
30 * `flex` and `lex` (usually a mini shell script invoking `flex`)
31 * `makeinfo` (part of `texinfo`, only needed for building GCC 4)
32 * `autoheader` (part of `autoconf`, needed for building GCC)
33 * `automake` (needed for building GCC)
34 * `gawk`
35 * `nasm`
36 * `wget`
37 * `[un]zip`
38 * `cdrtools` (preferred) or `genisoimage`
39 * case-sensitive file system
40
41Whether they are installed can be tested by running them in a shell with
42the `--version` parameter.
43
44The following libraries (and their respective headers) are required:
45 * `curl`
46 * `zlib`
47
48### Haiku for ARM
49If you want to compile Haiku for ARM, you will also need:
50
51 * `mkimage` (<http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot/WebHome>)
52 * Mtools (<https://gnu.org/software/mtools/intro.html>)
53
54### On macOS
55
56Disk Utility can create a case-sensitive disk image of at least 3 GiB in size.
57The following ports need to be installed:
58 * `expat`
59 * `gawk`
60 * `gettext`
61 * `libiconv`
62 * `gnuregex`
63 * `gsed`
64 * `cdrtools`
65 * `nasm`
66 * `wget`
67 * `less`
68 * `mpfr`
69 * `gmp`
70 * `libmpc`
71 * `bison` (updated to the latest version)
72
73More information about individual distributions of Linux and BSD can be found
74at <https://haiku-os.org/guides/building/pre-reqs>.
75
76Downloading Haiku's sources
77--------------------------------------------------
78There are two parts to Haiku's sources &mdash; the code for Haiku itself and a set
79of build tools for compiling Haiku on an operating system other than Haiku.
80The buildtools are needed only for non-Haiku platforms.
81
82Anonymous checkout:
83```
84git clone https://git.haiku-os.org/haiku
85git clone https://git.haiku-os.org/buildtools
86```
87(You can also use the `git://` protocol, but it is not secure).
88
89If you have commit access:
90```
91git clone ssh://git.haiku-os.org/haiku
92git clone ssh://git.haiku-os.org/buildtools
93```
94
95Building Jam
96-------------------------------------------
97(*This step applies only to non-Haiku platforms.*)
98
99Change to the `buildtools` folder and run the following commands to
100generate and install `jam`:
101```
102cd buildtools/jam
103make
104sudo ./jam0 install
105```
106Or,  if you don't want to install `jam` systemwide:
107```
108./jam0 -sBINDIR=$HOME/bin install
109```
110
111Configuring the build
112-------------------------------------
113The `configure` script generates a file named `BuildConfig` in the
114`generated/build` directory. As long as `configure` is not modified (!) and the
115cross-compilation tools have not been updated, there is no need to call it again.
116For rebuilding, you only need to invoke `jam` (see below). If you don't
117update the source tree very frequently, you may want to execute `configure`
118after each update just to be on the safe side.
119
120Depending on your goal, there are several different ways to configure Haiku.
121The first way is to call configure from within your Haiku checkout's root. That
122will prepare a folder named 'generated', which will contain the compiled objects.
123Another option is to manually created one or more `generated.*` folders and run
124configure from within them. For example, imagine the following directory setup:
125```
126buildtools/
127haiku/
128haiku/generated.x86gcc2
129```
130
131### Configure a GCC 2.95/GCC 5 Hybrid, from a non-Haiku platform
132```bash
133cd haiku/generated.x86gcc2
134../configure \
135	--build-cross-tools x86_gcc2 ../../buildtools/ \
136	--build-cross-tools x86
137```
138
139### Configure an x86_64 (GCC 5) build, from a non-Haiku platform
140```
141cd haiku/generated.x86_64
142../configure --build-cross-tools x86_64 ../../buildtools/
143```
144
145### Configure a GCC 2.95/GCC 5 Hybrid, from Haiku
146```
147cd haiku/generated.x86gcc2
148../configure --target-arch x86_gcc2 --target-arch x86
149```
150
151Additional information about GCC Hybrids can be found on the website,
152<https://www.haiku-os.org/guides/building/gcc-hybrid>.
153
154### Configure options
155The various runtime options for configure are documented in its onscreen help
156```bash
157./configure --help
158```
159
160Building via Jam
161----------------------------
162
163Haiku can be built in either of two ways, as disk image file (e.g. for use
164with emulators, to be written directly to a usb stick, burned as a compact
165disc) or as installation in a directory.
166
167### Running Jam
168
169There are various ways in which you can run `jam`:
170
171 * If you have a single generated folder, you can run 'jam' from the top level of Haiku's trunk.
172 * If you have one or more generated folders, (e.g. generated.x86gcc2),
173   you can `cd` into that directory and run `jam`.
174 * In either case, you can `cd` into a certain folder in the source tree (e.g.
175   src/apps/debugger) and run jam -sHAIKU_OUTPUT_DIR=<path to generated folder>
176
177Be sure to read `build/jam/UserBuildConfig.ReadMe` and `UserBuildConfig.sample`,
178as they contain information on customizing your build of Haiku.
179
180### Building a Haiku anyboot file
181```
182jam -q @anyboot-image
183```
184
185This generates an image file named `haiku-anyboot.image` in your output
186directory under `generated/`.
187
188### Building a VMware image file
189```
190jam -q @vmware-image
191```
192This generates an image file named `haiku.vmdk` in your output
193directory under `generated/`.
194
195### Directory Installation
196```
197HAIKU_INSTALL_DIR=/Haiku jam -q @install
198```
199
200Installs all Haiku components into the volume mounted at "/Haiku" and
201automatically marks it as bootable. To create a partition in the first place
202use DriveSetup and initialize it to BFS.
203
204Note that installing Haiku in a directory only works as expected under Haiku,
205but it is not yet supported under Linux and other non-Haiku platforms.
206
207### Building individual components
208If you don't want to build the complete Haiku, but only a certain
209app/driver/etc. you can specify it as argument to jam, e.g.:
210```
211jam -q Debugger
212```
213Alternatively, you can `cd` to the directory of the component you want to
214build and run `jam` from there. **NOTE:** if your generated directory is named
215something other than `generated/`, you will need to tell `jam` where it is:
216```
217jam -q -sHAIKU_OUTPUT_DIR=<path to generated folder>
218```
219You can also force the rebuild of a component by using the `-a` parameter:
220```
221jam -qa Debugger
222```
223
224Running
225----------------
226Generally there are two ways of running Haiku: on real hardware using a
227partition, and on emulated hardware using an emulator (like VirtualBox, or QEMU).
228
229### On Real Hardware
230If you have installed Haiku to its own partition you can include this
231partition in your bootmanager and try to boot Haiku like any other OS you
232have installed. To include a new partition in the Haiku bootmanager, start
233the BootManager configurator by running:
234```
235BootManager
236```
237
238### On Emulated Hardware
239For emulated hardware you should build a disk image (see above). How to set up
240this image depends on your emulator. If you use QEMU, you can usually just
241provide the path to the image as command line argument to the `qemu`
242executable.
243