xref: /haiku/src/bin/network/ping/ping.c (revision b3a7feb168844f27847a5d33c15df5f550938092)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Mike Muuss.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 /*
36  *			P I N G . C
37  *
38  * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
39  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
40  *
41  * Author -
42  *	Mike Muuss
43  *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
44  *	December, 1983
45  *
46  * Status -
47  *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
48  * Bugs -
49  *	More statistics could always be gathered.
50  *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
51  */
52 
53 #include <sys/param.h>		/* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
54 #ifndef __HAIKU__
55 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
56 #endif
57 #include <sys/socket.h>
58 #ifndef __HAIKU__
59 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
60 #endif
61 #include <sys/time.h>
62 #include <sys/uio.h>
63 
64 #include <netinet/in.h>
65 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
66 #include <netinet/ip.h>
67 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
68 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
69 #include <arpa/inet.h>
70 
71 #ifndef __HAIKU__
72 #include <libcasper.h>
73 #include <casper/cap_dns.h>
74 #endif
75 
76 #ifdef IPSEC
77 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
78 #endif /*IPSEC*/
79 
80 #ifndef __HAIKU__
81 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
82 #endif
83 #include <ctype.h>
84 #include <err.h>
85 #include <errno.h>
86 #include <netdb.h>
87 #include <stddef.h>
88 #include <signal.h>
89 #include <stdio.h>
90 #include <stdlib.h>
91 #include <string.h>
92 #include <sysexits.h>
93 #include <time.h>
94 #include <unistd.h>
95 
96 #include "main.h"
97 #include "ping.h"
98 #include "utils.h"
99 
100 #define	INADDR_LEN	((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
101 #define	TIMEVAL_LEN	((int)sizeof(struct tv32))
102 #define	MASK_LEN	(ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
103 #define	TS_LEN		(ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
104 #define	DEFDATALEN	56		/* default data length */
105 #define	FLOOD_BACKOFF	20000		/* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
106 					/* runs out of buffer space */
107 #define	MAXIPLEN	(sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
108 #define	MAXICMPLEN	(ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
109 #define	MAXWAIT		10000		/* max ms to wait for response */
110 #define	MAXALARM	(60 * 60)	/* max seconds for alarm timeout */
111 #define	MAXTOS		255
112 
113 #define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
114 #define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
115 #define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
116 #define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
117 #define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
118 
119 struct tv32 {
120 	int32_t tv32_sec;
121 	int32_t tv32_nsec;
122 };
123 
124 /* various options */
125 #define	F_FLOOD		0x0001
126 #define	F_INTERVAL	0x0002
127 #define	F_PINGFILLED	0x0008
128 #define	F_QUIET		0x0010
129 #define	F_RROUTE	0x0020
130 #define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x0040
131 #define	F_SO_DONTROUTE	0x0080
132 #define	F_VERBOSE	0x0100
133 #define	F_QUIET2	0x0200
134 #define	F_NOLOOP	0x0400
135 #define	F_MTTL		0x0800
136 #define	F_MIF		0x1000
137 #define	F_AUDIBLE	0x2000
138 #ifdef IPSEC
139 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
140 #define F_POLICY	0x4000
141 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
142 #endif /*IPSEC*/
143 #define	F_TTL		0x8000
144 #define	F_MISSED	0x10000
145 #define	F_ONCE		0x20000
146 #define	F_HDRINCL	0x40000
147 #define	F_MASK		0x80000
148 #define	F_TIME		0x100000
149 #define	F_SWEEP		0x200000
150 #define	F_WAITTIME	0x400000
151 #define	F_IP_VLAN_PCP	0x800000
152 #define	F_DOT		0x1000000
153 
154 /*
155  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
156  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
157  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
158  */
159 #define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 128)
160 static int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
161 static char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
162 
163 static struct sockaddr_in whereto;	/* who to ping */
164 static int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
165 static int maxpayload;
166 static int ssend;		/* send socket file descriptor */
167 static int srecv;		/* receive socket file descriptor */
168 static u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
169 static char BBELL = '\a';	/* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
170 static char BSPACE = '\b';	/* characters written for flood */
171 static const char *DOT = ".";
172 static size_t DOTlen = 1;
173 static size_t DOTidx = 0;
174 static char *shostname;
175 static int ident;		/* process id to identify our packets */
176 static int uid;			/* cached uid for micro-optimization */
177 static u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
178 static u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
179 static int phdr_len = 0;
180 static int send_len;
181 
182 /* counters */
183 static long nmissedmax;		/* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
184 static long npackets;		/* max packets to transmit */
185 static long snpackets;			/* max packets to transmit in one sweep */
186 static long sntransmitted;	/* # of packets we sent in this sweep */
187 static int sweepmax;		/* max value of payload in sweep */
188 static int sweepmin = 0;	/* start value of payload in sweep */
189 static int sweepincr = 1;	/* payload increment in sweep */
190 static int interval = 1000;	/* interval between packets, ms */
191 static int waittime = MAXWAIT;	/* timeout for each packet */
192 
193 #ifndef __HAIKU__
194 static cap_channel_t *capdns;
195 #endif
196 
197 static void fill(char *, char *);
198 #ifndef __HAIKU__
199 static cap_channel_t *capdns_setup(void);
200 #endif
201 static void pinger(void);
202 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
203 static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
204 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct ip *, const u_char *const);
205 static void pr_iph(struct ip *, const u_char *);
206 static void pr_pack(char *, ssize_t, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timespec *);
207 
208 int
ping(int argc,char * const * argv)209 ping(int argc, char *const *argv)
210 {
211 	struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
212 	struct in_addr ifaddr;
213 	struct timespec last, intvl;
214 	struct iovec iov;
215 	struct msghdr msg;
216 	struct sigaction si_sa;
217 	size_t sz;
218 #ifdef __HAIKU__
219 #define __aligned(x) __attribute__((__aligned__(x)))
220 #endif
221 	u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET] __aligned(4);
222 	const char *errstr;
223 	char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
224 	struct hostent *hp;
225 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
226 	char *policy_in, *policy_out;
227 #endif
228 	struct sockaddr_in *to;
229 	double t;
230 	u_long alarmtimeout;
231 	long long ltmp;
232 	int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload;
233 	int ssend_errno, srecv_errno, tos, ttl, pcp;
234 	char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timespec))];
235 	char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
236 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
237 	char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];	/* record route space */
238 #endif
239 	unsigned char loop, mttl;
240 
241 	payload = source = NULL;
242 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
243 	policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
244 #endif
245 #ifndef __HAIKU__
246 	cap_rights_t rights;
247 #endif
248 
249 	/*
250 	 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
251 	 * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
252 	 * after arg parsing.
253 	 *
254 	 * Historicaly ping was using one socket 's' for sending and for
255 	 * receiving. After capsicum(4) related changes we use two
256 	 * sockets. It was done for special ping use case - when user
257 	 * issue ping on multicast or broadcast address replies come
258 	 * from different addresses, not from the address we
259 	 * connect(2)'ed to, and send socket do not receive those
260 	 * packets.
261 	 */
262 	ssend = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
263 	ssend_errno = errno;
264 	srecv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
265 	srecv_errno = errno;
266 
267 	if (setuid(getuid()) != 0)
268 		err(EX_NOPERM, "setuid() failed");
269 	uid = getuid();
270 
271 	if (ssend < 0) {
272 		errno = ssend_errno;
273 		err(EX_OSERR, "ssend socket");
274 	}
275 
276 	if (srecv < 0) {
277 		errno = srecv_errno;
278 		err(EX_OSERR, "srecv socket");
279 	}
280 
281 	alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = pcp = 0;
282 
283 	outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
284 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PING4OPTS)) != -1) {
285 		switch(ch) {
286 		case '.':
287 			options |= F_DOT;
288 			if (optarg != NULL) {
289 				DOT = optarg;
290 				DOTlen = strlen(optarg);
291 			}
292 			break;
293 		case '4':
294 			/* This option is processed in main(). */
295 			break;
296 		case 'A':
297 			options |= F_MISSED;
298 			break;
299 		case 'a':
300 			options |= F_AUDIBLE;
301 			break;
302 		case 'C':
303 #ifndef __HAIKU__
304 			options |= F_IP_VLAN_PCP;
305 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, -1, 7, &errstr);
306 			if (errstr != NULL)
307 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid PCP: `%s'", optarg);
308 			pcp = ltmp;
309 #else
310 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "VLAN PCP not available");
311 #endif
312 			break;
313 		case 'c':
314 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, LONG_MAX, &errstr);
315 			if (errstr != NULL)
316 				errx(EX_USAGE,
317 				    "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
318 				    optarg);
319 			npackets = (long)ltmp;
320 			break;
321 		case 'D':
322 			options |= F_HDRINCL;
323 			df = 1;
324 			break;
325 		case 'd':
326 			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
327 			break;
328 		case 'f':
329 			if (uid) {
330 				errno = EPERM;
331 				err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
332 			}
333 			options |= F_FLOOD;
334 			options |= F_DOT;
335 			setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
336 			break;
337 		case 'G': /* Maximum packet size for ping sweep */
338 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
339 			if (errstr != NULL) {
340 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
341 				    optarg);
342 			}
343 			sweepmax = (int)ltmp;
344 			if (uid != 0 && sweepmax > DEFDATALEN) {
345 				errc(EX_NOPERM, EPERM,
346 				    "packet size too large: %d > %u",
347 				    sweepmax, DEFDATALEN);
348 			}
349 			options |= F_SWEEP;
350 			break;
351 		case 'g': /* Minimum packet size for ping sweep */
352 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
353 			if (errstr != NULL) {
354 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
355 				    optarg);
356 			}
357 			sweepmin = (int)ltmp;
358 			if (uid != 0 && sweepmin > DEFDATALEN) {
359 				errc(EX_NOPERM, EPERM,
360 				    "packet size too large: %d > %u",
361 				    sweepmin, DEFDATALEN);
362 			}
363 			options |= F_SWEEP;
364 			break;
365 		case 'H':
366 			options |= F_HOSTNAME;
367 			break;
368 		case 'h': /* Packet size increment for ping sweep */
369 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
370 			if (errstr != NULL) {
371 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
372 				    optarg);
373 			}
374 			sweepincr = (int)ltmp;
375 			if (uid != 0 && sweepincr > DEFDATALEN) {
376 				errc(EX_NOPERM, EPERM,
377 				    "packet size too large: %d > %u",
378 				    sweepincr, DEFDATALEN);
379 			}
380 			options |= F_SWEEP;
381 			break;
382 		case 'I':		/* multicast interface */
383 			if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
384 				errx(EX_USAGE,
385 				    "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
386 				    optarg);
387 			options |= F_MIF;
388 			break;
389 		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
390 			t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
391 			if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
392 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
393 				    optarg);
394 			options |= F_INTERVAL;
395 			interval = (int)t;
396 			if (uid && interval < 1000) {
397 				errno = EPERM;
398 				err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
399 			}
400 			break;
401 		case 'L':
402 			options |= F_NOLOOP;
403 			loop = 0;
404 			break;
405 		case 'l':
406 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
407 			if (errstr != NULL)
408 				errx(EX_USAGE,
409 				    "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
410 			if (uid) {
411 				errno = EPERM;
412 				err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
413 			}
414 			preload = (int)ltmp;
415 			break;
416 		case 'M':
417 			switch(optarg[0]) {
418 			case 'M':
419 			case 'm':
420 				options |= F_MASK;
421 				break;
422 			case 'T':
423 			case 't':
424 				options |= F_TIME;
425 				break;
426 			default:
427 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
428 				break;
429 			}
430 			break;
431 		case 'm':		/* TTL */
432 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, MAXTTL, &errstr);
433 			if (errstr != NULL)
434 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
435 			ttl = (int)ltmp;
436 			options |= F_TTL;
437 			break;
438 		case 'n':
439 			options &= ~F_HOSTNAME;
440 			break;
441 		case 'o':
442 			options |= F_ONCE;
443 			break;
444 #ifdef IPSEC
445 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
446 		case 'P':
447 			options |= F_POLICY;
448 			if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
449 				policy_in = strdup(optarg);
450 			else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
451 				policy_out = strdup(optarg);
452 			else
453 				errx(1, "invalid security policy");
454 			break;
455 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
456 #endif /*IPSEC*/
457 		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
458 			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
459 			payload = optarg;
460 			break;
461 		case 'Q':
462 			options |= F_QUIET2;
463 			break;
464 		case 'q':
465 			options |= F_QUIET;
466 			break;
467 		case 'R':
468 			options |= F_RROUTE;
469 			break;
470 		case 'r':
471 			options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
472 			break;
473 		case 'S':
474 			source = optarg;
475 			break;
476 		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
477 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
478 			if (errstr != NULL)
479 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
480 				    optarg);
481 			datalen = (int)ltmp;
482 			if (uid != 0 && datalen > DEFDATALEN) {
483 				errno = EPERM;
484 				err(EX_NOPERM,
485 				    "packet size too large: %d > %u",
486 				    datalen, DEFDATALEN);
487 			}
488 			break;
489 		case 'T':		/* multicast TTL */
490 			ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, MAXTTL, &errstr);
491 			if (errstr != NULL)
492 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
493 				    optarg);
494 			mttl = (unsigned char)ltmp;
495 			options |= F_MTTL;
496 			break;
497 		case 't':
498 			alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
499 			if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
500 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
501 				    optarg);
502 			if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
503 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
504 				    optarg, MAXALARM);
505 			{
506 				struct itimerval itv;
507 
508 				timerclear(&itv.it_interval);
509 				timerclear(&itv.it_value);
510 				itv.it_value.tv_sec = (time_t)alarmtimeout;
511 				if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL) != 0)
512 					err(1, "setitimer");
513 			}
514 			break;
515 		case 'v':
516 			options |= F_VERBOSE;
517 			break;
518 		case 'W':		/* wait ms for answer */
519 			t = strtod(optarg, &ep);
520 			if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
521 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
522 				    optarg);
523 			options |= F_WAITTIME;
524 			waittime = (int)t;
525 			break;
526 		case 'z':
527 			options |= F_HDRINCL;
528 			ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
529 			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > MAXTOS || ltmp < 0)
530 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
531 			tos = ltmp;
532 			break;
533 		default:
534 			usage();
535 		}
536 	}
537 
538 	if (argc - optind != 1)
539 		usage();
540 	target = argv[optind];
541 
542 	switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
543 	case 0: break;
544 	case F_MASK:
545 		icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
546 		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
547 		phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
548 		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
549 			(void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
550 		break;
551 	case F_TIME:
552 		icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
553 		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
554 		phdr_len = TS_LEN;
555 		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
556 			(void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
557 		break;
558 	default:
559 		errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
560 		break;
561 	}
562 	icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
563 	if (options & F_RROUTE)
564 		icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
565 	maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
566 	if (datalen > maxpayload)
567 		errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
568 		    maxpayload);
569 	send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
570 	datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
571 	if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
572 		fill((char *)datap, payload);
573 	}
574 #ifndef __HAIKU__
575 	capdns = capdns_setup();
576 #else
577 #define cap_gethostbyname2(x, y, z) gethostbyname(y);
578 #endif
579 	if (source) {
580 		bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
581 		sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
582 		if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
583 			shostname = source;
584 		} else {
585 			hp = cap_gethostbyname2(capdns, source, AF_INET);
586 			if (!hp)
587 				errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
588 				    source, hstrerror(h_errno));
589 
590 			sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
591 			if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
592 			    hp->h_length < 0)
593 				errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
594 			memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
595 			    sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
596 			(void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
597 			    sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
598 			snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
599 			shostname = snamebuf;
600 		}
601 		if (bind(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) ==
602 		    -1)
603 			err(1, "bind");
604 	}
605 
606 	bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
607 	to = &whereto;
608 	to->sin_family = AF_INET;
609 	to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
610 	if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
611 		hostname = target;
612 	} else {
613 		hp = cap_gethostbyname2(capdns, target, AF_INET);
614 		if (!hp)
615 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
616 			    target, hstrerror(h_errno));
617 
618 		if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
619 			errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
620 		memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
621 		(void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
622 		hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
623 		hostname = hnamebuf;
624 	}
625 
626 	/* From now on we will use only reverse DNS lookups. */
627 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
628 	if (capdns != NULL) {
629 		const char *types[1];
630 
631 		types[0] = "ADDR2NAME";
632 		if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdns, types, 1) < 0)
633 			err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
634 	}
635 #endif
636 	if (connect(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, sizeof(whereto)) != 0)
637 		err(1, "connect");
638 
639 	if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
640 		errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
641 
642 	if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
643 		errx(EX_USAGE,
644 		    "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
645 	if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
646 	    && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
647 		errx(EX_USAGE,
648 		    "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
649 
650 	if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)	/* can we time transfer */
651 		timing = 1;
652 
653 	if ((options & (F_PINGFILLED | F_SWEEP)) == 0)
654 		for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
655 			*datap++ = i;
656 
657 	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
658 
659 	hold = 1;
660 	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) {
661 		(void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
662 		    sizeof(hold));
663 		(void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
664 		    sizeof(hold));
665 	}
666 	if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
667 		(void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
668 		    sizeof(hold));
669 #ifndef __HAIKU__
670 	if (options & F_IP_VLAN_PCP) {
671 		(void)setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_VLAN_PCP, (char *)&pcp,
672 		    sizeof(pcp));
673 	}
674 #endif
675 #ifdef IPSEC
676 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
677 	if (options & F_POLICY) {
678 		char *buf;
679 		if (policy_in != NULL) {
680 			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
681 			if (buf == NULL)
682 				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
683 			if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
684 					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
685 				err(EX_CONFIG,
686 				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
687 			free(buf);
688 		}
689 
690 		if (policy_out != NULL) {
691 			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
692 			if (buf == NULL)
693 				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
694 			if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
695 					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
696 				err(EX_CONFIG,
697 				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
698 			free(buf);
699 		}
700 	}
701 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
702 #endif /*IPSEC*/
703 
704 	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
705 		struct ip ip;
706 
707 #ifndef __HAIKU__
708 		memcpy(&ip, outpackhdr, sizeof(ip));
709 		if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
710 			mib[0] = CTL_NET;
711 			mib[1] = PF_INET;
712 			mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
713 			mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
714 			sz = sizeof(ttl);
715 			if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
716 				err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
717 		}
718 #endif
719 		setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
720 		ip.ip_v = IPVERSION;
721 		ip.ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
722 		ip.ip_tos = tos;
723 		ip.ip_id = 0;
724 		ip.ip_off = htons(df ? IP_DF : 0);
725 		ip.ip_ttl = ttl;
726 		ip.ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
727 		ip.ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
728 		ip.ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
729 		memcpy(outpackhdr, &ip, sizeof(ip));
730         }
731 
732 #ifndef __HAIKU__
733 	/*
734 	 * Here we enter capability mode. Further down access to global
735 	 * namespaces (e.g filesystem) is restricted (see capsicum(4)).
736 	 * We must connect(2) our socket before this point.
737 	 */
738 	caph_cache_catpages();
739 	if (caph_enter_casper() < 0)
740 		err(1, "caph_enter_casper");
741 
742 	cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
743 	if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights) < 0)
744 		err(1, "cap_rights_limit srecv");
745 	cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
746 	if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights) < 0)
747 		err(1, "cap_rights_limit ssend");
748 #endif
749 
750 	/* record route option */
751 	if (options & F_RROUTE) {
752 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
753 		bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
754 		rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
755 		rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
756 		rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
757 		rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
758 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
759 		    sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
760 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
761 #else
762 		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
763 		    "record route not available in this implementation");
764 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
765 	}
766 
767 	if (options & F_TTL) {
768 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
769 		    sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
770 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
771 		}
772 	}
773 	if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
774 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
775 		    sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
776 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
777 		}
778 	}
779 	if (options & F_MTTL) {
780 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
781 		    sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
782 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
783 		}
784 	}
785 	if (options & F_MIF) {
786 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
787 		    sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
788 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
789 		}
790 	}
791 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
792 	{
793 		int on = 1;
794 		int ts_clock = SO_TS_MONOTONIC;
795 		if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on,
796 		    sizeof(on)) < 0)
797 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
798 		if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TS_CLOCK, &ts_clock,
799 		    sizeof(ts_clock)) < 0)
800 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TS_CLOCK");
801 	}
802 #endif
803 	if (sweepmax) {
804 		if (sweepmin > sweepmax)
805 			errx(EX_USAGE,
806 	    "Maximum packet size must be no less than the minimum packet size");
807 
808 		if (sweepmax > maxpayload - TIMEVAL_LEN)
809 			errx(EX_USAGE, "Invalid sweep maximum");
810 
811 		if (datalen != DEFDATALEN)
812 			errx(EX_USAGE,
813 		    "Packet size and ping sweep are mutually exclusive");
814 
815 		if (npackets > 0) {
816 			snpackets = npackets;
817 			npackets = 0;
818 		} else
819 			snpackets = 1;
820 		datalen = sweepmin;
821 		send_len = icmp_len + sweepmin;
822 	}
823 	if (options & F_SWEEP && !sweepmax)
824 		errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum sweep size must be specified");
825 
826 	/*
827 	 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
828 	 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
829 	 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
830 	 * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
831 	 * or multicast pings if they wish.
832 	 */
833 
834 	/*
835 	 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
836 	 * as well.
837 	 */
838 	hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
839 	(void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
840 	    sizeof(hold));
841 	/* CAP_SETSOCKOPT removed */
842 #ifndef __HAIKU__
843 	cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT);
844 	if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights) < 0)
845 		err(1, "cap_rights_limit srecv setsockopt");
846 #endif
847 	if (uid == 0)
848 		(void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
849 		    sizeof(hold));
850 	/* CAP_SETSOCKOPT removed */
851 #ifndef __HAIKU__
852 	cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND);
853 	if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights) < 0)
854 		err(1, "cap_rights_limit ssend setsockopt");
855 #endif
856 
857 	if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
858 		(void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
859 		    inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
860 		if (source)
861 			(void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
862 		if (sweepmax)
863 			(void)printf(": (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
864 			    sweepmin, sweepmax);
865 		else
866 			(void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
867 
868 	} else {
869 		if (sweepmax)
870 			(void)printf("PING %s: (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
871 			    hostname, sweepmin, sweepmax);
872 		else
873 			(void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
874 	}
875 
876 	/*
877 	 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
878 	 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
879 	 */
880 
881 	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
882 	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
883 	si_sa.sa_handler = onsignal;
884 	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
885 		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
886 	seenint = 0;
887 #ifndef __HAIKU__
888 	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
889 		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINFO");
890 	seeninfo = 0;
891 #endif
892 	if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
893 		if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
894 			err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
895 	}
896 
897 	bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
898 	msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
899 	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
900 	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
901 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
902 	msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
903 	msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
904 #endif
905 	iov.iov_base = packet;
906 	iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
907 
908 	if (preload == 0)
909 		pinger();		/* send the first ping */
910 	else {
911 		if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
912 			preload = npackets;
913 		while (preload--)	/* fire off them quickies */
914 			pinger();
915 	}
916 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
917 
918 	if (options & F_FLOOD) {
919 		intvl.tv_sec = 0;
920 		intvl.tv_nsec = 10000000;
921 	} else {
922 		intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
923 		intvl.tv_nsec = interval % 1000 * 1000000;
924 	}
925 
926 	almost_done = 0;
927 	while (seenint == 0) {
928 		struct timespec now, timeout;
929 		fd_set rfds;
930 		int n;
931 		ssize_t cc;
932 
933 		/* signal handling */
934 		if (seeninfo) {
935 			pr_summary(stderr);
936 			seeninfo = 0;
937 			continue;
938 		}
939 		if ((unsigned)srecv >= FD_SETSIZE)
940 			errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
941 		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
942 		FD_SET(srecv, &rfds);
943 		(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
944 		timespecadd(&last, &intvl, &timeout);
945 		timespecsub(&timeout, &now, &timeout);
946 		if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
947 			timespecclear(&timeout);
948 
949 		n = pselect(srecv + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
950 		if (n < 0)
951 			continue;	/* EINTR */
952 		if (n == 1) {
953 			struct timespec *tv = NULL;
954 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
955 			struct cmsghdr *cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
956 #endif
957 			msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
958 			if ((cc = recvmsg(srecv, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
959 				if (errno == EINTR)
960 					continue;
961 				warn("recvmsg");
962 				continue;
963 			}
964 			/* If we have a 0 byte read from recvfrom continue */
965 			if (cc == 0)
966 				continue;
967 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
968 			if (cmsg != NULL &&
969 			    cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
970 			    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
971 			    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
972 				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
973 				memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
974 				tv = &now;
975 			}
976 #endif
977 			if (tv == NULL) {
978 				(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
979 				tv = &now;
980 			}
981 			pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
982 			if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
983 			    (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
984 				break;
985 		}
986 		if (n == 0 || (options & F_FLOOD)) {
987 			if (sweepmax && sntransmitted == snpackets) {
988 				if (datalen + sweepincr > sweepmax)
989 					break;
990 				for (i = 0; i < sweepincr; i++)
991 					*datap++ = i;
992 				datalen += sweepincr;
993 				send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
994 				sntransmitted = 0;
995 			}
996 			if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
997 				pinger();
998 			else {
999 				if (almost_done)
1000 					break;
1001 				almost_done = 1;
1002 				/*
1003 				 * If we're not transmitting any more packets,
1004 				 * change the timer to wait two round-trip times
1005 				 * if we've received any packets or (waittime)
1006 				 * milliseconds if we haven't.
1007 				 */
1008 				intvl.tv_nsec = 0;
1009 				if (nreceived) {
1010 					intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
1011 					if (intvl.tv_sec == 0)
1012 						intvl.tv_sec = 1;
1013 				} else {
1014 					intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000;
1015 					intvl.tv_nsec =
1016 					    waittime % 1000 * 1000000;
1017 				}
1018 			}
1019 			(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
1020 			if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
1021 				nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
1022 				if (options & F_MISSED)
1023 					(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1024 			}
1025 		}
1026 	}
1027 	pr_summary(stdout);
1028 
1029 	exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
1030 }
1031 
1032 /*
1033  * pinger --
1034  *	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
1035  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
1036  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
1037  * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timespec" struct in
1038  * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
1039  */
1040 static void
pinger(void)1041 pinger(void)
1042 {
1043 	struct timespec now;
1044 	struct tv32 tv32;
1045 	struct icmp icp;
1046 	int cc, i;
1047 	u_char *packet;
1048 
1049 	packet = outpack;
1050 	memcpy(&icp, outpack, ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len);
1051 	icp.icmp_type = icmp_type;
1052 	icp.icmp_code = 0;
1053 	icp.icmp_cksum = 0;
1054 	icp.icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
1055 	icp.icmp_id = ident;			/* ID */
1056 
1057 	CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
1058 
1059 	if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
1060 		(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
1061 		/*
1062 		 * Truncate seconds down to 32 bits in order
1063 		 * to fit the timestamp within 8 bytes of the
1064 		 * packet. We're only concerned with
1065 		 * durations, not absolute times.
1066 		 */
1067 		tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_sec);
1068 		tv32.tv32_nsec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_nsec);
1069 		if (options & F_TIME)
1070 			icp.icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
1071 				* 1000 + now.tv_nsec / 1000000);
1072 		if (timing)
1073 			bcopy((void *)&tv32,
1074 			    (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
1075 			    sizeof(tv32));
1076 	}
1077 
1078 	memcpy(outpack, &icp, ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len);
1079 
1080 	cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
1081 
1082 	/* compute ICMP checksum here */
1083 	icp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum(outpack, cc);
1084 	/* Update icmp_cksum in the raw packet data buffer. */
1085 	memcpy(outpack + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_cksum), &icp.icmp_cksum,
1086 	    sizeof(icp.icmp_cksum));
1087 
1088 	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
1089 		struct ip ip;
1090 
1091 		cc += sizeof(struct ip);
1092 		ip.ip_len = htons(cc);
1093 		/* Update ip_len in the raw packet data buffer. */
1094 		memcpy(outpackhdr + offsetof(struct ip, ip_len), &ip.ip_len,
1095 		    sizeof(ip.ip_len));
1096 		ip.ip_sum = in_cksum(outpackhdr, cc);
1097 		/* Update ip_sum in the raw packet data buffer. */
1098 		memcpy(outpackhdr + offsetof(struct ip, ip_sum), &ip.ip_sum,
1099 		    sizeof(ip.ip_sum));
1100 		packet = outpackhdr;
1101 	}
1102 	i = send(ssend, (char *)packet, cc, 0);
1103 	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
1104 		if (i < 0) {
1105 			if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
1106 				usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
1107 				return;
1108 			}
1109 			warn("sendto");
1110 		} else {
1111 			warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
1112 			     hostname, i, cc);
1113 		}
1114 	}
1115 	ntransmitted++;
1116 	sntransmitted++;
1117 	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_DOT)
1118 		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT[DOTidx++ % DOTlen], 1);
1119 }
1120 
1121 /*
1122  * pr_pack --
1123  *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
1124  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
1125  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
1126  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
1127  */
1128 static void
pr_pack(char * buf,ssize_t cc,struct sockaddr_in * from,struct timespec * tv)1129 pr_pack(char *buf, ssize_t cc, struct sockaddr_in *from, struct timespec *tv)
1130 {
1131 	struct in_addr ina;
1132 	u_char *cp, *dp, l;
1133 	struct icmp icp;
1134 	struct ip ip;
1135 	const u_char *icmp_data_raw;
1136 	ssize_t icmp_data_raw_len;
1137 	double triptime;
1138 	int dupflag, i, j, recv_len;
1139 	int8_t hlen;
1140 	uint16_t seq;
1141 	static int old_rrlen;
1142 	static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
1143 	struct ip oip;
1144 	u_char oip_header_len;
1145 	struct icmp oicmp;
1146 	const u_char *oicmp_raw;
1147 
1148 	/*
1149 	 * Get size of IP header of the received packet.
1150 	 * The header length is contained in the lower four bits of the first
1151 	 * byte and represents the number of 4 byte octets the header takes up.
1152 	 *
1153 	 * The IHL minimum value is 5 (20 bytes) and its maximum value is 15
1154 	 * (60 bytes).
1155 	 */
1156 	memcpy(&l, buf, sizeof(l));
1157 	hlen = (l & 0x0f) << 2;
1158 
1159 	/* Reject IP packets with a short header */
1160 	if (hlen < (int8_t) sizeof(struct ip)) {
1161 		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1162 			warn("IHL too short (%d bytes) from %s", hlen,
1163 			     inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
1164 		return;
1165 	}
1166 
1167 	memcpy(&ip, buf, sizeof(struct ip));
1168 
1169 	/* Check packet has enough data to carry a valid ICMP header */
1170 	recv_len = cc;
1171 	if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
1172 		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1173 			warn("packet too short (%zd bytes) from %s", cc,
1174 			     inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
1175 		return;
1176 	}
1177 
1178 	icmp_data_raw_len = cc - (hlen + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data));
1179 	icmp_data_raw = buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data);
1180 
1181 	/* Now the ICMP part */
1182 	cc -= hlen;
1183 	memcpy(&icp, buf + hlen, MIN((ssize_t)sizeof(icp), cc));
1184 	if (icp.icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
1185 		if (icp.icmp_id != ident)
1186 			return;			/* 'Twas not our ECHO */
1187 		++nreceived;
1188 		triptime = 0.0;
1189 		if (timing) {
1190 			struct timespec tv1;
1191 			struct tv32 tv32;
1192 			const u_char *tp;
1193 
1194 			tp = icmp_data_raw + phdr_len;
1195 
1196 			if ((size_t)(cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len) >=
1197 			    sizeof(tv1)) {
1198 				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
1199 				memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32));
1200 				tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec);
1201 				tv1.tv_nsec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_nsec);
1202 				timespecsub(tv, &tv1, tv);
1203 				triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
1204 				    ((double)tv->tv_nsec) / 1000000.0;
1205 				if (triptime < 0) {
1206 					warnx("time of day goes back (%.3f ms),"
1207 					    " clamping time to 0",
1208 					    triptime);
1209 					triptime = 0;
1210 				}
1211 				tsum += triptime;
1212 				tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
1213 				if (triptime < tmin)
1214 					tmin = triptime;
1215 				if (triptime > tmax)
1216 					tmax = triptime;
1217 			} else
1218 				timing = 0;
1219 		}
1220 
1221 		seq = ntohs(icp.icmp_seq);
1222 
1223 		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
1224 			++nrepeats;
1225 			--nreceived;
1226 			dupflag = 1;
1227 		} else {
1228 			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1229 			dupflag = 0;
1230 		}
1231 
1232 		if (options & F_QUIET)
1233 			return;
1234 
1235 		if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) {
1236 			++nrcvtimeout;
1237 			return;
1238 		}
1239 
1240 		if (options & F_DOT)
1241 			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
1242 		else {
1243 			(void)printf("%zd bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
1244 			    pr_addr(from->sin_addr), seq);
1245 			(void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip.ip_ttl);
1246 			if (timing)
1247 				(void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1248 			if (dupflag)
1249 				(void)printf(" (DUP!)");
1250 			if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1251 				(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1252 			if (options & F_MASK) {
1253 				/* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1254 				(void)printf(" mask=%s",
1255 					inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp.icmp_mask)));
1256 			}
1257 			if (options & F_TIME) {
1258 				(void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_otime));
1259 				(void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_rtime));
1260 				(void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_ttime));
1261 			}
1262 			if (recv_len != send_len) {
1263                         	(void)printf(
1264 				     "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1265 				     recv_len, send_len);
1266 			}
1267 			/* check the data */
1268 			cp = (u_char*)(buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp,
1269 				icmp_data) + phdr_len);
1270 			dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1271 			cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1272 			i = 0;
1273 			if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1274 				cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1275 				dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1276 				cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1277 				i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1278 			}
1279 			for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1280 				if (*cp != *dp) {
1281 	(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1282 	    i, *dp, *cp);
1283 					(void)printf("\ncp:");
1284 					cp = (u_char*)(buf + hlen +
1285 					    offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data));
1286 					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1287 						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1288 							(void)printf("\n\t");
1289 						(void)printf(" %2x", *cp);
1290 					}
1291 					(void)printf("\ndp:");
1292 					cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1293 					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1294 						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1295 							(void)printf("\n\t");
1296 						(void)printf(" %2x", *cp);
1297 					}
1298 					break;
1299 				}
1300 			}
1301 		}
1302 	} else {
1303 		/*
1304 		 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1305 		 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1306 		 * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1307 		 * and ICMP type and ID.
1308 		 *
1309 		 * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1310 		 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1311 		 * available to those not running as root.
1312 		 */
1313 
1314 		/*
1315 		 * If we don't have enough bytes for a quoted IP header and an
1316 		 * ICMP header then stop.
1317 		 */
1318 		if (icmp_data_raw_len <
1319 				(ssize_t)(sizeof(struct ip) + sizeof(struct icmp))) {
1320 			if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1321 				warnx("quoted data too short (%zd bytes) from %s",
1322 					icmp_data_raw_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
1323 			return;
1324 		}
1325 
1326 		memcpy(&oip_header_len, icmp_data_raw, sizeof(oip_header_len));
1327 		oip_header_len = (oip_header_len & 0x0f) << 2;
1328 
1329 		/* Reject IP packets with a short header */
1330 		if (oip_header_len < sizeof(struct ip)) {
1331 			if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1332 				warnx("inner IHL too short (%d bytes) from %s",
1333 					oip_header_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
1334 			return;
1335 		}
1336 
1337 		/*
1338 		 * Check against the actual IHL length, to protect against
1339 		 * quoated packets carrying IP options.
1340 		 */
1341 		if (icmp_data_raw_len <
1342 				(ssize_t)(oip_header_len + sizeof(struct icmp))) {
1343 			if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1344 				warnx("inner packet too short (%zd bytes) from %s",
1345 				     icmp_data_raw_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
1346 			return;
1347 		}
1348 
1349 		memcpy(&oip, icmp_data_raw, sizeof(struct ip));
1350 		oicmp_raw = icmp_data_raw + oip_header_len;
1351 		memcpy(&oicmp, oicmp_raw, sizeof(struct icmp));
1352 
1353 		if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1354 		    (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1355 		     (oip.ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1356 		     (oip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1357 		     (oicmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1358 		     (oicmp.icmp_id == ident))) {
1359 		    (void)printf("%zd bytes from %s: ", cc,
1360 			pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1361 		    pr_icmph(&icp, &oip, icmp_data_raw);
1362 		} else
1363 		    return;
1364 	}
1365 
1366 	/* Display any IP options */
1367 	cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1368 
1369 	for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1370 		switch (*cp) {
1371 		case IPOPT_EOL:
1372 			hlen = 0;
1373 			break;
1374 		case IPOPT_LSRR:
1375 		case IPOPT_SSRR:
1376 			(void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1377 			    "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1378 			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1379 			hlen -= 2;
1380 			cp += 2;
1381 			if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1382 			    j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1383 				for (;;) {
1384 					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1385 					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1386 						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1387 					else
1388 						(void)printf("\t%s",
1389 						     pr_addr(ina));
1390 					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1391 					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1392 					j -= INADDR_LEN;
1393 					if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1394 						break;
1395 					(void)putchar('\n');
1396 				}
1397 			} else
1398 				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1399 			break;
1400 		case IPOPT_RR:
1401 			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];		/* get length */
1402 			i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];		/* and pointer */
1403 			hlen -= 2;
1404 			cp += 2;
1405 			if (i > j)
1406 				i = j;
1407 			i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1408 			if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1409 				old_rrlen = 0;
1410 				continue;
1411 			}
1412 			if (i == old_rrlen
1413 			    && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1414 			    && !(options & F_DOT)) {
1415 				(void)printf("\t(same route)");
1416 				hlen -= i;
1417 				cp += i;
1418 				break;
1419 			}
1420 			old_rrlen = i;
1421 			bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1422 			(void)printf("\nRR: ");
1423 			if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1424 			    i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1425 				for (;;) {
1426 					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1427 					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1428 						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1429 					else
1430 						(void)printf("\t%s",
1431 						     pr_addr(ina));
1432 					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1433 					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1434 					i -= INADDR_LEN;
1435 					if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1436 						break;
1437 					(void)putchar('\n');
1438 				}
1439 			} else
1440 				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1441 			break;
1442 		case IPOPT_NOP:
1443 			(void)printf("\nNOP");
1444 			break;
1445 		default:
1446 			(void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1447 			break;
1448 		}
1449 	if (!(options & F_DOT)) {
1450 		(void)putchar('\n');
1451 		(void)fflush(stdout);
1452 	}
1453 }
1454 
1455 /*
1456  * pr_icmph --
1457  *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1458  */
1459 static void
pr_icmph(struct icmp * icp,struct ip * oip,const u_char * const oicmp_raw)1460 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, struct ip *oip, const u_char *const oicmp_raw)
1461 {
1462 
1463 	switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1464 	case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1465 		(void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1466 		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1467 		break;
1468 	case ICMP_UNREACH:
1469 		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1470 		case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1471 			(void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1472 			break;
1473 		case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1474 			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1475 			break;
1476 		case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1477 			(void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1478 			break;
1479 		case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1480 			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1481 			break;
1482 		case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1483 			(void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1484 					ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1485 			break;
1486 		case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1487 			(void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1488 			break;
1489 		case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1490 			(void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1491 			break;
1492 		default:
1493 			(void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1494 			    icp->icmp_code);
1495 			break;
1496 		}
1497 		/* Print returned IP header information */
1498 		pr_iph(oip, oicmp_raw);
1499 		break;
1500 	case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1501 		(void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1502 		pr_iph(oip, oicmp_raw);
1503 		break;
1504 	case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1505 		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1506 		case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1507 			(void)printf("Redirect Network");
1508 			break;
1509 		case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1510 			(void)printf("Redirect Host");
1511 			break;
1512 		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1513 			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1514 			break;
1515 		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1516 			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1517 			break;
1518 		default:
1519 			(void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1520 			break;
1521 		}
1522 		(void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1523 		pr_iph(oip, oicmp_raw);
1524 		break;
1525 	case ICMP_ECHO:
1526 		(void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1527 		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1528 		break;
1529 	case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1530 		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1531 		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1532 			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1533 			break;
1534 		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1535 			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1536 			break;
1537 		default:
1538 			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1539 			    icp->icmp_code);
1540 			break;
1541 		}
1542 		pr_iph(oip, oicmp_raw);
1543 		break;
1544 	case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1545 		(void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1546 		    icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1547 		pr_iph(oip, oicmp_raw);
1548 		break;
1549 	case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1550 		(void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1551 		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1552 		break;
1553 	case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1554 		(void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1555 		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1556 		break;
1557 	case ICMP_IREQ:
1558 		(void)printf("Information Request\n");
1559 		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1560 		break;
1561 	case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1562 		(void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1563 		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1564 		break;
1565 	case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1566 		(void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1567 		break;
1568 	case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1569 		(void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1570 		break;
1571 	case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1572 		(void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1573 		break;
1574 	case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1575 		(void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1576 		break;
1577 	default:
1578 		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1579 	}
1580 }
1581 
1582 /*
1583  * pr_iph --
1584  *	Print an IP header with options.
1585  */
1586 static void
pr_iph(struct ip * ip,const u_char * cp)1587 pr_iph(struct ip *ip, const u_char *cp)
1588 {
1589 	struct in_addr dst_ina, src_ina;
1590 	int hlen;
1591 
1592 	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1593 	cp = cp + sizeof(struct ip);		/* point to options */
1594 
1595 	memcpy(&src_ina, &ip->ip_src.s_addr, sizeof(src_ina));
1596 	memcpy(&dst_ina, &ip->ip_dst.s_addr, sizeof(dst_ina));
1597 
1598 	(void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks %*s %*s",
1599 	    (int)strlen(inet_ntoa(src_ina)), "Src",
1600 	    (int)strlen(inet_ntoa(dst_ina)), "Dst");
1601 	if (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip))
1602 		(void)printf(" Opts");
1603 	(void)putchar('\n');
1604 	(void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1605 	    ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1606 	    ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1607 	(void)printf("   %1x %04x",
1608 	    (ntohs(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1609 	    ntohs(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1610 	(void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1611 							    ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1612 	(void)printf(" %s", inet_ntoa(src_ina));
1613 	(void)printf(" %s", inet_ntoa(dst_ina));
1614 	/* dump any option bytes */
1615 	if (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1616 		(void)printf(" ");
1617 		while (hlen-- > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1618 			(void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1619 		}
1620 	}
1621 	(void)putchar('\n');
1622 }
1623 
1624 /*
1625  * pr_addr --
1626  *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1627  * a hostname.
1628  */
1629 static char *
pr_addr(struct in_addr ina)1630 pr_addr(struct in_addr ina)
1631 {
1632 	struct hostent *hp;
1633 	static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1634 
1635 	if (!(options & F_HOSTNAME))
1636 		return inet_ntoa(ina);
1637 
1638 #ifdef __HAIKU__
1639 #define cap_gethostbyaddr(w, x, y, z) gethostbyaddr(x, y, z)
1640 #endif
1641 	hp = cap_gethostbyaddr(capdns, (char *)&ina, sizeof(ina), AF_INET);
1642 
1643 	if (hp == NULL)
1644 		return inet_ntoa(ina);
1645 
1646 	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1647 	    inet_ntoa(ina));
1648 	return(buf);
1649 }
1650 
1651 static char *
pr_ntime(n_time timestamp)1652 pr_ntime(n_time timestamp)
1653 {
1654 	static char buf[11];
1655 	int hour, min, sec;
1656 
1657 	sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1658 	hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1659 	min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1660 	sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1661 
1662 	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1663 
1664 	return (buf);
1665 }
1666 
1667 static void
fill(char * bp,char * patp)1668 fill(char *bp, char *patp)
1669 {
1670 	char *cp;
1671 	int pat[16];
1672 	u_int ii, jj, kk;
1673 
1674 	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1675 		if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1676 			errx(EX_USAGE,
1677 			    "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1678 
1679 	}
1680 	ii = sscanf(patp,
1681 	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1682 	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1683 	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1684 	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1685 
1686 	if (ii > 0)
1687 		for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1688 			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1689 				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1690 	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1691 		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1692 		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1693 			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1694 		(void)printf("\n");
1695 	}
1696 }
1697 
1698 #ifndef __HAIKU__
1699 static cap_channel_t *
capdns_setup(void)1700 capdns_setup(void)
1701 {
1702 	cap_channel_t *capcas, *capdnsloc;
1703 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
1704 	const char *types[2];
1705 	int families[1];
1706 #endif
1707 	capcas = cap_init();
1708 	if (capcas == NULL)
1709 		err(1, "unable to create casper process");
1710 	capdnsloc = cap_service_open(capcas, "system.dns");
1711 	/* Casper capability no longer needed. */
1712 	cap_close(capcas);
1713 	if (capdnsloc == NULL)
1714 		err(1, "unable to open system.dns service");
1715 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
1716 	types[0] = "NAME2ADDR";
1717 	types[1] = "ADDR2NAME";
1718 	if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdnsloc, types, 2) < 0)
1719 		err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1720 	families[0] = AF_INET;
1721 	if (cap_dns_family_limit(capdnsloc, families, 1) < 0)
1722 		err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1723 #endif
1724 	return (capdnsloc);
1725 }
1726 #endif
1727