/* * Copyright 2015, François Revol * Copyright (c) 2002 Marcus Overhagen , Haiku project * Copyright 2024, Haiku, Inc. All rights reserved. * * Distributed under the terms of the MIT License. */ #define MKDOS #include "mkdos.h" #ifdef FS_SHELL #include "fssh_api_wrapper.h" #else #include #include #include #include #endif // !FS_SHELL #include "dosfs.h" #include "support.h" #ifdef USER #define dprintf(x...) ; #endif #define WITH_FLOPPY_SUPPORT static void create_volume_label_sector(void *sector, const char *label) { // create a volume name directory entry in the 512 byte sector // XXX convert from UTF8, and check for valid characters // XXX this could be changed to use long file name entrys, // XXX but the dosfs would have to be updated, too struct direntry* d = (struct direntry*)sector; memset(d, 0, sizeof(*d)); memset(d->deName, 0x20, 11); memcpy(d->deName, label, min_c(11, strlen(label))); d->deAttributes = 0x08; } status_t check_volume_name(const char* name) { if (name == NULL) return B_BAD_VALUE; if (strlen(name) > LABEL_LENGTH) return B_NAME_TOO_LONG; if (name[0] == ' ') { dprintf("vol name starts with space\n"); return B_BAD_VALUE; } for (uint32 i = 0; i < strlen(name); ++i) { if (strchr(LABEL_ILLEGAL, name[i]) != NULL || name[i] < ' ') { dprintf("vol name (%s) contains illegal char (%c at index %" B_PRIu32 ")\n", name, name[i], i); return B_BAD_VALUE; } } return B_OK; } status_t parse_initialize_parameters(const char* parameterString, initialize_parameters& parameters) { parameters.flags = 0; parameters.verbose = false; void *handle = parse_driver_settings_string(parameterString); if (handle == NULL) return B_ERROR; if (get_driver_boolean_parameter(handle, "verbose", false, true)) parameters.verbose = true; const char *string = get_driver_parameter(handle, "fat", NULL, NULL); uint32 fatBits = 0; if (string != NULL) fatBits = strtoul(string, NULL, 0); unload_driver_settings(handle); if (fatBits != 0 && fatBits != 12 && fatBits != 16 && fatBits != 32) { dprintf("mkdos error: fat must be 12, 16, or 32 bits\n"); return B_BAD_VALUE; } parameters.fatBits = fatBits; return B_OK; } status_t _dosfs_initialize(int fd, partition_id partitionID, const char* name, const char* parameterString, off_t partitionSize, disk_job_id job) { dprintf("dosfs_initialize(%d, , '%s', '%s', %" B_PRIdOFF ")\n", fd, name, parameterString, partitionSize); if (sizeof(bootsector1216) != 512 || sizeof(bootsector32) != 512 || sizeof(fsinfosector32) != 512) { dprintf("dosfs: compilation error: struct alignment wrong\n"); return B_BAD_VALUE; } // check name status_t status = check_volume_name(name); if (status != B_OK) return status; // parse parameters initialize_parameters parameters; status = parse_initialize_parameters(parameterString, parameters); if (status != B_OK) return status; update_disk_device_job_progress(job, 0); int fatbits = parameters.fatBits; const char *label = name; if (fatbits != 0 && fatbits != 12 && fatbits != 16 && fatbits != 32) { dprintf("dosfs Error: don't know how to create a %d bit fat\n", fatbits); return B_ERROR; } // initialize the volume bool isRawDevice; bool hasBiosGeometry; bool hasDeviceGeometry; bool hasPartitionInfo; device_geometry biosGeometry; device_geometry deviceGeometry; partition_info partitionInfo; isRawDevice = 0;//0 != strstr(device, "/raw"); hasBiosGeometry = B_OK == ioctl(fd, B_GET_BIOS_GEOMETRY, &biosGeometry, sizeof(biosGeometry)); hasDeviceGeometry = B_OK == ioctl(fd, B_GET_GEOMETRY, &deviceGeometry, sizeof(deviceGeometry)); hasPartitionInfo = B_OK == ioctl(fd, B_GET_PARTITION_INFO, &partitionInfo, sizeof(partitionInfo)); if (!isRawDevice && !hasBiosGeometry && !hasDeviceGeometry && !hasPartitionInfo) { isRawDevice = true; } if (hasBiosGeometry) { dprintf("dosfs: bios geometry: %" B_PRIu32 " heads, " "%" B_PRIu32 " cylinders, " "%" B_PRIu32 " sectors/track, " "%" B_PRIu32 " bytes/sector\n", biosGeometry.head_count, biosGeometry.cylinder_count, biosGeometry.sectors_per_track, biosGeometry.bytes_per_sector); } if (hasDeviceGeometry) { dprintf("dosfs: device geometry: %" B_PRIu32 " heads, " "%" B_PRIu32 " cylinders, " "%" B_PRIu32 " sectors/track, " "%" B_PRIu32 " bytes/sector\n", deviceGeometry.head_count, deviceGeometry.cylinder_count, deviceGeometry.sectors_per_track, deviceGeometry.bytes_per_sector); } if (hasPartitionInfo) { dprintf("dosfs: partition info: start at %" B_PRIdOFF " bytes " "(%" B_PRIdOFF " sectors), " "%" B_PRIdOFF " KB, " "%" B_PRIdOFF " MB, " "%" B_PRIdOFF " GB\n", partitionInfo.offset, partitionInfo.offset / 512, partitionInfo.offset / 1024, partitionInfo.offset / (1024 * 1024), partitionInfo.offset / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)); dprintf("dosfs: partition info: size %" B_PRIdOFF " bytes, " "%" B_PRIdOFF " KB, " "%" B_PRIdOFF " MB, " "%" B_PRIdOFF " GB\n", partitionInfo.size, partitionInfo.size / 1024, partitionInfo.size / (1024 * 1024), partitionInfo.size / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)); } if (!isRawDevice && !hasPartitionInfo) dprintf("dosfs Warning: couldn't get partition information\n"); if ((hasBiosGeometry && biosGeometry.bytes_per_sector != 512) || (hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.bytes_per_sector != 512)) { dprintf("dosfs Error: geometry block size not 512 bytes\n"); return B_ERROR; } else if (hasPartitionInfo && partitionInfo.logical_block_size != 512) { dprintf("dosfs: partition logical block size is not 512, " "it's %" B_PRId32 " bytes\n", partitionInfo.logical_block_size); } if (hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.read_only) { dprintf("dosfs Error: this is a read-only device\n"); return B_ERROR; } if (hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.write_once) { dprintf("dosfs Error: this is a write-once device\n"); return B_ERROR; } uint64 size = 0; if (hasPartitionInfo) { size = partitionInfo.size; } else if (hasDeviceGeometry) { size = uint64(deviceGeometry.bytes_per_sector) * deviceGeometry.sectors_per_track * deviceGeometry.cylinder_count * deviceGeometry.head_count; } else if (hasBiosGeometry) { size = uint64(biosGeometry.bytes_per_sector) * biosGeometry.sectors_per_track * biosGeometry.cylinder_count * biosGeometry.head_count; } else { // maybe it's just a file struct stat stat; if (fstat(fd, &stat) < 0) { dprintf("dosfs Error: couldn't get device partition or geometry " "information, nor size\n"); return B_ERROR; } size = stat.st_size; } dprintf("dosfs: size = %" B_PRIu64 " bytes " "(%" B_PRIu64 " sectors), " "%" B_PRIu64 " KB, " "%" B_PRIu64 " MB, " "%" B_PRIu64 " GB\n", size, size / 512, size / 1024, size / (1024 * 1024), size / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)); if (fatbits == 0) { //auto determine fat type if (isRawDevice && size <= FLOPPY_MAX_SIZE && (size / FAT12_CLUSTER_MAX_SIZE) < FAT12_MAX_CLUSTER_COUNT) { fatbits = 12; } else if ((size / CLUSTER_MAX_SIZE) < FAT16_MAX_CLUSTER_COUNT) { fatbits = 16; } else if ((size / CLUSTER_MAX_SIZE) < FAT32_MAX_CLUSTER_COUNT) { fatbits = 32; } } if (fatbits == 0) { dprintf("dosfs Error: device too large for 32 bit fat\n"); return B_ERROR; } int sectorPerCluster; sectorPerCluster = 0; if (fatbits == 12) { sectorPerCluster = 0; if (size < 16777216LL) sectorPerCluster = 8; if (size <= 2949120) sectorPerCluster = 2; if (size <= 1474560) sectorPerCluster = 1; if (size <= 737280) { // We follow Microsoft guidance in increasing cluster size for the smallest disks. // The idea was probably to keep the FAT from taking up a too much of a small disk. sectorPerCluster = 2; } } else if (fatbits == 16) { sectorPerCluster = 0; //larger than 2 GB must fail if (size <= (2048 * 1024 * 1024LL)) // up to 2GB, use 32k clusters sectorPerCluster = 64; if (size <= (1024 * 1024 * 1024LL)) // up to 1GB, use 16k clusters sectorPerCluster = 32; if (size <= (512 * 1024 * 1024LL)) // up to 512MB, use 8k clusters sectorPerCluster = 16; if (size <= (256 * 1024 * 1024LL)) // up to 256MB, use 4k clusters sectorPerCluster = 8; if (size <= (128 * 1024 * 1024LL)) // up to 128MB, use 2k clusters sectorPerCluster = 4; if (size <= (16 * 1024 * 1024LL)) // up to 16MB, use 1k clusters sectorPerCluster = 2; if (size <= 4182016LL) // smaller than 4.1 MB must fail sectorPerCluster = 0; } else if (fatbits == 32) { sectorPerCluster = 64; // default is 32k clusters if (size <= (32 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024LL)) { // up to 32GB, use 16k clusters sectorPerCluster = 32; } if (size <= (16 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024LL)) { // up to 16GB, use 8k clusters sectorPerCluster = 16; } if (size <= (8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024LL)) { // up to 8GB, use 4k clusters sectorPerCluster = 8; } if (size <= (532480 * 512LL)) { // up to 260 MB, use 0.5k clusters sectorPerCluster = 1; } if (size <= (66600 * 512LL)) { // smaller than 32.5 MB must fail sectorPerCluster = 0; } } if (sectorPerCluster == 0) { dprintf("dosfs Error: failed to determine sector per cluster value, " "partition too large for %d bit fat\n",fatbits); return B_ERROR; } int reservedSectorCount = 0; // avoid compiler warning int rootEntryCount = 0; // avoid compiler warning int numFATs; int sectorSize; uint8 biosDriveId; // get bios drive-id, or use 0x80 if (B_OK != ioctl(fd, B_GET_BIOS_DRIVE_ID, &biosDriveId, sizeof(biosDriveId))) { biosDriveId = 0x80; } else { dprintf("dosfs: bios drive id: 0x%02x\n", (int)biosDriveId); } // default parameters for the bootsector numFATs = 2; sectorSize = 512; if (fatbits == 12 || fatbits == 16) reservedSectorCount = 1; if (fatbits == 32) reservedSectorCount = 32; if (fatbits == 12) rootEntryCount = 512; if (fatbits == 16) rootEntryCount = 512; if (fatbits == 32) rootEntryCount = 0; // Determine FATSize // calculation done as MS recommends uint64 dskSize = size / sectorSize; uint32 rootDirSectors = ((rootEntryCount * 32) + (sectorSize - 1)) / sectorSize; uint64 tmpVal1 = dskSize - (reservedSectorCount + rootDirSectors); uint64 tmpVal2 = (256 * sectorPerCluster) + numFATs; if (fatbits == 32) tmpVal2 = tmpVal2 / 2; uint32 FATSize = (tmpVal1 + (tmpVal2 - 1)) / tmpVal2; // FATSize should now contain the size of *one* FAT, measured in sectors // RootDirSectors should now contain the size of the fat12/16 root // directory, measured in sectors // Now that clusters can be counted, verify cluster count is compatible with the FAT type uint64 sectorCount = size / 512; uint64 dataSec = sectorCount - (reservedSectorCount + (numFATs * FATSize) + rootDirSectors); uint64 clusterCount = dataSec / sectorPerCluster; if (fatbits == 12 && clusterCount > FAT12_MAX_CLUSTER_COUNT) { dprintf("dosfs Error: cluster count (%" B_PRIu64 ") exceeds FAT12 limit.\n", clusterCount); return B_BAD_VALUE; } if (fatbits == 16 && clusterCount > FAT16_MAX_CLUSTER_COUNT) { dprintf("dosfs Error: cluster count (%" B_PRIu64 ") exceeds FAT16 limit.\n", clusterCount); return B_BAD_VALUE; } if (fatbits == 32 && clusterCount > FAT32_MAX_CLUSTER_COUNT) { dprintf("dosfs Error: cluster count (%" B_PRIu64 ") exceeds FAT32 limit.\n", clusterCount); return B_BAD_VALUE; } dprintf("dosfs: fatbits = %d, clustersize = %d\n", fatbits, sectorPerCluster * 512); dprintf("dosfs: FAT size is %" B_PRIu32 " sectors\n", FATSize); dprintf("dosfs: disk label: %s\n", label); if (status < B_OK) { dprintf("dosfs: Initializing volume failed: %s\n", strerror(status)); return status; } char bootsector[512]; memset(bootsector,0x00,512); memcpy(bootsector + BOOTJMP_START_OFFSET, bootjmp, sizeof(bootjmp)); memcpy(bootsector + BOOTCODE_START_OFFSET, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); if (fatbits == 32) { bootsector32 *bs = (bootsector32 *)bootsector; uint16 temp16; uint32 temp32; memcpy(bs->BS_OEMName,"Haiku ",8); bs->BPB_BytsPerSec = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(sectorSize); bs->BPB_SecPerClus = sectorPerCluster; bs->BPB_RsvdSecCnt = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(reservedSectorCount); bs->BPB_NumFATs = numFATs; bs->BPB_RootEntCnt = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(rootEntryCount); bs->BPB_TotSec16 = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(0); bs->BPB_Media = hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.removable ? 0xF0 : 0xF8; bs->BPB_FATSz16 = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(0); temp16 = hasBiosGeometry ? biosGeometry.sectors_per_track : 63; bs->BPB_SecPerTrk = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(temp16); temp16 = hasBiosGeometry ? biosGeometry.head_count : 255; bs->BPB_NumHeads = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(temp16); temp32 = hasPartitionInfo ? (partitionInfo.size / 512) : 0; bs->BPB_HiddSec = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(temp32); bs->BPB_TotSec32 = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(sectorCount); bs->BPB_FATSz32 = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(FATSize); bs->BPB_ExtFlags = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(0); bs->BPB_FSVer = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(0); bs->BPB_RootClus = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(FAT32_ROOT_CLUSTER); bs->BPB_FSInfo = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(FSINFO_SECTOR_NUM); bs->BPB_BkBootSec = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(BACKUP_SECTOR_NUM); memset(bs->BPB_Reserved,0,12); bs->BS_DrvNum = biosDriveId; bs->BS_Reserved1 = 0x00; bs->BS_BootSig = 0x29; uint32 volID = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(system_time()); memcpy(bs->BS_VolID, &volID, 4); memset(bs->BS_VolLab, 0x20, 11); memcpy(bs->BS_VolLab, label, min_c(11, strlen(label))); memcpy(bs->BS_FilSysType,"FAT32 ",8); bs->signature = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(0xAA55); } else { bootsector1216 *bs = (bootsector1216 *)bootsector; uint16 temp16; uint32 temp32; memcpy(bs->BS_OEMName, "Haiku ", 8); bs->BPB_BytsPerSec = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(sectorSize); bs->BPB_SecPerClus = sectorPerCluster; bs->BPB_RsvdSecCnt = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(reservedSectorCount); bs->BPB_NumFATs = numFATs; bs->BPB_RootEntCnt = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(rootEntryCount); temp16 = (sectorCount <= 65535) ? sectorCount : 0; bs->BPB_TotSec16 = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(temp16); bs->BPB_Media = hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.removable ? 0xF0 : 0xF8; bs->BPB_FATSz16 = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(FATSize); temp16 = hasBiosGeometry ? biosGeometry.sectors_per_track : 63; bs->BPB_SecPerTrk = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(temp16); temp16 = hasBiosGeometry ? biosGeometry.head_count : 255; bs->BPB_NumHeads = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(temp16); temp32 = hasPartitionInfo ? (partitionInfo.size / 512) : 0; bs->BPB_HiddSec = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(temp32); temp32 = (sectorCount <= 65535) ? 0 : sectorCount; bs->BPB_TotSec32 = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(temp32); bs->BS_DrvNum = biosDriveId; bs->BS_Reserved1 = 0x00; bs->BS_BootSig = 0x29; uint32 volID = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(system_time()); memcpy(bs->BS_VolID, &volID, 4); memset(bs->BS_VolLab, 0x20, 11); memcpy(bs->BS_VolLab, label, min_c(11, strlen(label))); memcpy(bs->BS_FilSysType,(fatbits == 12) ? "FAT12 " : "FAT16 ",8); bs->signature = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT16(0xAA55); } // Disk layout: // 0) reserved sectors, this includes the bootsector, fsinfosector and // bootsector backup // 1) FAT // 2) root directory (not on fat32) // 3) file & directory data ssize_t written; // initialize everything with zero first // avoid doing 512 byte writes here, they are slow dprintf("dosfs: Writing FAT\n"); char * zerobuffer = (char *)malloc(65536); memset(zerobuffer,0,65536); int64 bytes_to_write = 512LL * (reservedSectorCount + (numFATs * FATSize) + rootDirSectors); int64 pos = 0; while (bytes_to_write > 0) { ssize_t writesize = min_c(bytes_to_write, 65536); written = write_pos(fd, pos, zerobuffer, writesize); if (written != writesize) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error near sector %" B_PRId64 "\n", pos / 512); free(zerobuffer); return B_ERROR; } bytes_to_write -= writesize; pos += writesize; } free(zerobuffer); //write boot sector dprintf("dosfs: Writing boot block\n"); written = write_pos(fd, BOOT_SECTOR_NUM * 512, bootsector, 512); if (written != 512) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error at sector %d\n", BOOT_SECTOR_NUM); return B_ERROR; } if (fatbits == 32) { written = write_pos(fd, BACKUP_SECTOR_NUM * 512, bootsector, 512); if (written != 512) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error at sector %d\n", BACKUP_SECTOR_NUM); return B_ERROR; } } //write first fat sector dprintf("dosfs: Writing first FAT sector\n"); uint8 sec[512]; memset(sec,0,512); if (fatbits == 12) { //FAT[0] contains media byte in lower 8 bits, all other bits set to 1 //FAT[1] contains EOF marker sec[0] = hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.removable ? 0xF0 : 0xF8; sec[1] = 0xFF; sec[2] = 0xFF; } else if (fatbits == 16) { //FAT[0] contains media byte in lower 8 bits, all other bits set to 1 sec[0] = hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.removable ? 0xF0 : 0xF8; sec[1] = 0xFF; //FAT[1] contains EOF marker sec[2] = 0xFF; sec[3] = 0xFF; } else if (fatbits == 32) { //FAT[0] contains media byte in lower 8 bits, all other bits set to 1 sec[0] = hasDeviceGeometry && deviceGeometry.removable ? 0xF0 : 0xF8; sec[1] = 0xFF; sec[2] = 0xFF; sec[3] = 0xFF; //FAT[1] contains EOF marker sec[4] = 0xFF; sec[5] = 0xFF; sec[6] = 0xFF; sec[7] = 0x0F; //FAT[2] contains EOF marker, used to terminate root directory sec[8] = 0xFF; sec[9] = 0xFF; sec[10] = 0xFF; sec[11] = 0x0F; } written = write_pos(fd, reservedSectorCount * 512, sec, 512); if (written != 512) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error at sector %d\n", reservedSectorCount); return B_ERROR; } if (numFATs > 1) { written = write_pos(fd, (reservedSectorCount + FATSize) * 512,sec,512); if (written != 512) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error at sector %" B_PRIu32 "\n", reservedSectorCount + FATSize); return B_ERROR; } } //write fsinfo sector if (fatbits == 32) { dprintf("dosfs: Writing boot info\n"); // account for 1 already used cluster of root directory uint64 free_count = clusterCount - 1; fsinfosector32 fsinfosector; memset(&fsinfosector,0x00,512); fsinfosector.FSI_LeadSig = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(0x41615252); fsinfosector.FSI_StrucSig = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(0x61417272); fsinfosector.FSI_Free_Count = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32((uint32)free_count); fsinfosector.FSI_Nxt_Free = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(3); fsinfosector.FSI_TrailSig = B_HOST_TO_LENDIAN_INT32(0xAA550000); written = write_pos(fd, FSINFO_SECTOR_NUM * 512, &fsinfosector, 512); if (written != 512) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error at sector %d\n", FSINFO_SECTOR_NUM); return B_ERROR; } } //write volume label into root directory dprintf("dosfs: Writing root directory\n"); if (fatbits == 12 || fatbits == 16) { uint8 data[512]; memset(data, 0, 512); create_volume_label_sector(data, label); uint32 rootDirSector = reservedSectorCount + (numFATs * FATSize); written = write_pos(fd, rootDirSector * 512, data, 512); if (written != 512) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error at sector %" B_PRIu32 "\n", rootDirSector); return B_ERROR; } } else if (fatbits == 32) { int size = 512 * sectorPerCluster; uint8 *cluster = (uint8*)malloc(size); memset(cluster, 0, size); create_volume_label_sector(cluster, label); uint32 rootDirSector = reservedSectorCount + (numFATs * FATSize) + rootDirSectors; written = write_pos(fd, rootDirSector * 512, cluster, size); free(cluster); if (written != size) { dprintf("dosfs Error: write error at sector %" B_PRIu32 "\n", rootDirSector); return B_ERROR; } } ioctl(fd, B_FLUSH_DRIVE_CACHE); // rescan partition status = scan_partition(partitionID); if (status != B_OK) return status; update_disk_device_job_progress(job, 1); // print some info, if desired if (parameters.verbose) { dprintf("dosfs: Disk was initialized successfully.\n"); } return B_OK; } status_t _dosfs_uninitialize(int fd, partition_id partitionID, off_t partitionSize, uint32 blockSize, disk_job_id job) { if (blockSize == 0) return B_BAD_VALUE; update_disk_device_job_progress(job, 0.0); // just overwrite the superblock // XXX: we might want to keep the loader part ? char bootsector[512]; memset(bootsector,0x00,512); if (write_pos(fd, 512, bootsector, sizeof(bootsector)) < 0) return errno; update_disk_device_job_progress(job, 1.0); return B_OK; }